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PHYSICS BY SUBJECT: F-P Field Theory & Quantum Condensed Matter Field Theory Fluid Dynamics Fourier ~ Fresnel Diffraction ~ Friction ~ Gravity, Gravitational Waves, etc. Heim Mass Theory ~ Hysteresis ~ Integrals ~ Interferometers ~ Kinetics LRC ~ Magnetics Neutrons ~ Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Photoelectric Effect ~ Photonics Physics Center (Courses, Databases, Journals, Video/Movies & Audio/Sound) Back to Astronomy, Astrophysics & Physics Calculators Center Calculators On-Line Center Home Page

Quantum Field Theory & Quantum Condensed Matter Field Theory QUANTUM FIELD THEORY COURSES FIELDS - W. Siegel, C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York Multimedia Quantum Field Theory Textbook - PDF - 885 Pages (Text & Imges). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Quantum Field Theory "...This text is intended for reference and as the basis for a course on relativistic quantum field theory for second-year graduate students..." For more information see Fields at arXiv.org; Fields; Warren Siegel's Home Page or the C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics QUANTUM CONDENSED MATTER FIELD THEORY COURSES QUANTUM CONDENSED MATTER FIELD THEORY - B. Simons, Theory of Condensed Matter (TCM), Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge Multimedia Quantum Condensed Matter Field Theory Course & Problem Sets (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Quantum Condensed Matter Field Theory Lectures include: "...Quantising the Classical Field; Second Quantisation; Representation of Operators; Tight-binding and the Mott Transition; Quantum Magnetism and the Ferromagnetic chain; Quantum Antiferromagnetism; Bogoliubov Theory of Weakly Interacting Bose Gas; Feynman Path Integral; Statistical Mechanics and Semi-Classics; Applications of the Feynman Path Integral; Double Well Potential: Tunneling and Instantons; Coherent States; Many-body (coherent state) Path Integral; Applications and Connections; Weakly Interacting Electron Gas: Plasma Theory; Random Phase Approximation; Bose-Einstein Condensation; Superfluidity; Cooper Instability; BCS Superconductivity; etc..." For more information see the Ben Simons Home Page; Cavendish Laboratory: Theory of Condensed Matter (TCM) or the Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory Fluid Dynamics FOR FLUID DYNAMICS CALCULATORS & APPLETS SEE THE ENGINEERING CALCULATOR CENTER: FLUID MECHANICS Fourier FOURIER ANALYSIS COURSES, LECTURES, TEXBOOKS, MANUALS, ETC. FOURIER AND COMPLEX ANALYSIS - R.L. Herman, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Arts & Sciences, University of North Carolina, Wilmington, North Carolina Multimedia Fourier and Complex Analysis Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Fourier and Complex Analysis "...This is an introduction to topics in Fourier analysis and complex analysis. It is a course aimed at students majoring in mathematics and science who are at least at their junior level of mathematical maturity. Students are introduced to Fourier series, Fourier transforms, and a basic complex analysis..." Examples of "Fourier and Complex Analysis" Lectures include: "...Sequences and Series; Binomial Expansion; Function Series; Power Series; Fourier Series; Fourier Transforms; Signals Introduction; Discrete Fourier Transform; etc. For more information see Applied Analyical Methods; Russell L. Herman's Home Page or the Department of Mathematics and Statistics FOURIER ANALYSIS 1 - Christoph Thiele, Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Multimedia Fourier Analysis 1 Lecture, PDF, 48 Pages (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Fourier Analysis 1" Lectures include "...Schwartz Functions; The Space S(Rn) as Frechet Space; The Fourier Transform; Tempered Distributions; Intermediate Banach Spaces, Regularity; The Poisson Summation Formula; Paley Wiener Theroems; Distributions versus Tempered Distributions; etc..." For more information see Lectures; Christoph Thiele's Home Page or the Department of Mathematics FOURIER ANALYSIS 2 - Christoph Thiele, Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Multimedia Fourier Analysis 2 Lecture, PDF, 51 Pages (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Fourier Analysis 2" Lectures include "...The Haar Basis; The Calderon Zygmund Decomposition; The Littlewood Paley Square Function; Khintchine's Inequality; The Space BMO as Function Space; Maximal Truncated Singular Integrals; Paraproducts and a Discrete T1 Theorem; The Cotlar-Stein Lemma; etc..." For more information see Lectures; Christoph Thiele's Home Page or the Department of Mathematics FOURIER ANALYSIS: THEORY & APPLICATIONS - Richard Melrose, Department of Mathematics & the MIT OpenCourseWare, MIT Multimedia Fourier Analysis: Theory and Applications Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Fourier Analysis: Theory and Applications "...Roughly half of the subject is devoted to the theory of the Lebesgue integral with applications to probability, and half to Fourier series and Fourier integrals..." Examples of Fourier Analysis: Theory and Applications" Lectures include: "...Chebyshev's Inequality; Law of Large Numbers; The Integral; Fatou's Lemma; Bessel's Inequality: Convergence of Fourier Series; Riesz Representation Theorem; Fourier Transform; Hilbert-Schmidt Operators; etc..." For more information see Department of Mathematics; Mathematics Courses or the MIT OpenCourseWare HARMONIC ANALYSIS - W. Schlag, Department of Mathematics, University of Chicago Multimedia Harmonic Analysis Textbook - PDF, 93 Pages (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of Harmonic Analysis Textbook Chapters include "...Fourier Series: Convergence and Summability; Harmonic Functions on the Disk and Poisson Kernel; L1 bounded analytic functions and the F. & M. Riesz theorem; The Conjugate Harmonic Function; Calderon-Zygmund Theory of Singular Integrals; Almost Orthogonality; Schauder Estimates; LP -multipliers, Mikhlin theorem and Littlewood-Paley theory; Restriction of the Fourier transform, Stein-Tomas theorem, Strichartz estimates; The endpoint for the Stein-Tomas theorem and Strichartz estimates; Some pointwise questions for Fourier series: the case of L1 (T); etc..." For more information see the Wilhelm Schlag's Home Page or the Department of Mathematics FOURIER TRANSFORM CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS FOURIER CALCULATORS & APPLETS FOURIER TRANSFORMS CALCULATORS & APPLETS FFT ALGORITHM CALCULATORS & APPLETS FAST FOURIER TRANSFORM (FFT) FOR POLYNOMIAL MULTIPLICATION (JAVA APPLET) - Author: J. Beaver & Hosted by K. Pruhs, Department of Computer Science, University of Pittsburgh VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Fast Fourier Transform for Polynomial Multiplication Calculator "...includes a description of the algorithm, a description of the Roots of Unity, a step feature which allows the user to see what is going on in the algorithm, and a multimedia section..." For more information see Applets; Applet Demonstration; CS 1501; Kirk Pruhs's Home Page or the Department of Computer Science FAST FOURIER TRANSFORM CALCULATOR - J. Clymer, Cincinnati, Ohio VERY EXTENSIVE. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) Calculator "...performs Fourier Transforms, and DHTML to produce graphs of functions..." For more information see Jeffery Clymer's Home Page FAST FOURIER TRANSFORM (FFT) LABORATORY (JAVA APPLET) - D. Hale, Stanford Exploration Project (SEP), Stanford University For more information see Dave Hale's Home Page or the Stanford Exploration Project (SEP) FOURIER (JAVA APPLET) - R. E. Williamson & S. Schwarz, Dartmouth University VERY EXTENSIVE. Fourier Calculator "...Computes Fourier coefficients of a function,and plots the function and the Fourier approximation of degree at most 20..." For more information see Interactive Math Programs or the Department of Mathematics FOURIER TRANSFORMS (FT) OF A GIVEN POINTSET (JAVA APPLET) - S. Weber VERY EXTENSIVE. Fourier Transform on Periodic Point Sets Calculator "...calculates Fourier transforms (FT) of a given pointset. The pointset is generated by the plane space groups (see Project 22). You may transform all points..." For more information see Java Applets; Steffen Weber's Home Page or JCrystal FOURIER TRANSFORMS (FT) OF QUASIPERDIODIC POINT SETS (JAVA APPLET) - S. Weber VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Java Applets; Steffen Weber's Home Page or JCrystal

DISCRETE FOURIER TRANSFORM CALCULATORS & APPLETS DISCRETE FOURIER TRANSFORM: FFT OF "BIT PATTERN" APPLET & FFT OF ARBITRARY FUNCTION APLET - Bert G. Wachsmuth, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Seton Hall University VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Fast Fourier Transform of "Bit Pattern" Calculator "...illustrates what happens when trying to send bits representing a character (coded as the 8-bit ASCI code) though a wire that includes a "low-pass" filter, i.e. frequencies above a certain point are filtered out..." Fast Fourier Transform of Arbitrary Function Calculator "...lets you enter an arbitrary function and decompose it into its Fourier coefficients..." For more information see Java Applets; Bert G. Wachsmuth's Home Page or Department of Mathematics and Computer Science FOURIER-LAPLACE CALCULATORS & APPLETS FOURIER-LAPLACE CALCULATOR - Xiao Gang, Laboratoire J.-A. Dieudonné, Université de Nice, Nice, France VERY EXTENSIVE. Fourier Laplace Calculator "...computes the Fourier transform or Laplace transform of a function, and their inverse transforms..." For more information see WIMS FOURIER TRANSFORM CALCULATORS & APPLETS - IMAGE PROCESSING INTERACTIVE FOURIER TRANSFORM EXPERIMENTATION - IMAGE PROCESSING (JAVA APPLET) - R. Fisher, S. Perkins, A. Walker and E. Wolfart, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, U.K. VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Interactive Experimentation; HIPR2: Hypertext Image Processing Reference; Robert Fisher's Home Page or the School of Informatics FOURIER SERIES CALCULATORS & APPLETS FOURIER SERIES (JAVA APPLET) - F. Embacher & P. Oberhuemer, Universität Wien, Austria Fourier Series Calculator: "...the user may choose the first 21 coefficients of a Fourier series by means of scroll bars and to look at the graph of the resulting function..." For more information see Applets or Maths Online FOURIER SERIES CALCULATION FOR TYPICAL DIGITAL WAVEFORMS - EE Circle VERY EXTENSIVE. Fourier Series Calculator for Typical Digital Clock Waveforms "...Computes complex Fourier series coefficients (harmonics) of rectangular, triangular or trapezoidal shaped waveform & Plots both the time-domain waveform and the magnitude of the coefficients..." For more information see EE Applets or EE Circle FOURIER SERIES SIMULATION (JAVA APPLET) - P. Falstad VERY EXTENSIVE. Fourier Series Calculator "...is a method of expressing an arbitrary periodic function as a sum of cosine terms. In other words, Fourier series can be used to express a function in terms of the frequencies..." For more information see Math, Physics & Engineering Applets or Paul Falstad's Home Page FOURIER SYNTHESIS CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS FOURIER SYNTHESIS (JAVA APPLET) - Yves Moreau & J. Porque, Centre d'Electronique et de Micro-Optoélectronique de Montpellier, CNRS & the Universite des Sciences Montpellier, Montpellier, France VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Available in English & French/Français. Fourier Synthesis Calculator "...choose a saturated cosine, a square signal, a rectified cosine or triangle signal (choose curve on top line). Vary the frequency, the amplitude and phase and play it...Then click on add comp to let the computer generate the first component (cosine) of the fourier expansion..." For more information see Group photonique (Photonics Group) or the Centre d'Electronique et de Micro-Optoélectronique de Montpellier FOURIER SYNTHESIS (JAVA APPLET) - M. Thole, Institut für Netzwerktheorie und Schaltungstechnik, Braunschweig, Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Germany) VERY EXTENSIVE. Fourier Synthesis Calculator "...A periodic signal can be described by a Fourier decomposition as a Fourier series, i. e. as a sum of sinusoidal and cosinusoidal oscillations..." For more information see Schaukasten FOURIERSYNTHESE (JAVA APPLET) - M. Thole, Institut für Netzwerktheorie und Schaltungstechnik, Braunschweig, Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Germany) VERY EXTENSIVE. Fourier Synthesis Calculator "...Ein periodisches Signal kann durch eine Fourierzerlegung mathematisch..." For more information see Schaukasten

Fresnel Diffraction FRESNEL DIFFRACTION CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS FRESNEL DIFFRACTION (JAVA APPLET) - P. Falstad Fresnel Diffratction Calculator "...generates Fresnel diffraction patterns, which are patterns similar to the shadows cast by small apertures when using a point source of monochromatic light as a light source..." For more information see Math, Physics & Engineering Applets or Paul Falstad's Home Page Friction FRICTION CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS FRICTION (QUICKTIME) - Nano-World, University of Basel, Switzerland Multimedia Friction Teaching Modules (Text, Images, Applets, Simulations, Animations & Videos/Movies). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Nano-World Friction Module "...shows you recent results on friction on the atomic scale..." Friction Teaching Modules Subject Categories include: "...Introduction; Macroscopic Friction; Friction Force Microscopy; Tomlinson's Mechanism; Research Projects; Simulator Applet, etc..." For more information see Nano-World Some examples of Nano Friction Calculators include Simulator Applet The Frenkel-Kontorova Model Calculator Frenkel-Kontorova-Tomlinson Model Calculator THE FRICTION LAB - Franz-Josef Elmer, Condensed Matter, Department of Physics, Institut für Physik, Universität Basel (University of Basel), Switzerland VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see The Friction Lab; Home Page of Franz-Josef Elmer or Condensed Matter Physics Some examples of Friction Calculators include An Oscillator with Friction (stick-slip oscillation) Calculator Frenkel-Kontorova Model Calculator Gravity, Gravitational Waves, etc. GRAVITATIONAL WAVES COURSES, TECHNICAL REPORTS, ETC. GRAVITATIONAL WAVES (QUICKTIME, REALPLAYER) - K.S. Thorne, M. Bondarescu & Y. Chen, Theoretical Astrophysics including Relativity (TAPIR), Department of Physics, Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, Caltech Multimedia Gravitational Waves Course (Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Gravitational Waves Course "...is designed for physics graduate students or advanced undergraduates, and for scientists and engineers who have been working in other fields and are contemplating switching to gravitational-wave research -- experimental, theoretical, or both..." Examples of Multimedia Gravitational Waves Course Video Lectures include "...Overview of Gravitational-Wave Science Video Lectures; Introduction to General Relativity Video Lectures; Weak Gravitational Waves [GW's] in Flat Spacetime Video Lectures; Propagation of GW's Through Curved Spacetime Video Lectures; Generation of GW's by Slow-Motion Sources in Curved Spacetime Video Lectures; Astrophysical Phenomenology of Binary-Star Video Lectures; Supermassive Black Holes [SMBH's] and their Gravitational Waves Video Lectures; etc..." For more information see Kip S. Thorne's Home Page; Theoretical Astrophysics including Relativity (TAPIR); Department of Physics or the Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy GRAVITATIONAL WAVES - R. Adhikari & Y. Chen, Theoretical Astrophysics including Relativity (TAPIR), Department of Physics, Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, Caltech Multimedia Gravitational Waves Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. For more information see Kip S. Thorne's Home Page; Theoretical Astrophysics including Relativity (TAPIR); Department of Physics or the Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy LIVING REVIEWS IN RELATIVITY - Publisher: Max-Planck-Institut fÜr Gravitationsphysik Multimedia Open Access Journal (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENISVE. Article Subject Categories include "...Experimental Foundations of Gravitation; Gravitational Waves; History of Relativity; Mathematical Relativity; Numerical Relativity; Physical Cosmology; Quantum General Relativity; Relativity in Astrophysics; String Theory and Gravitation GRAVITY CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS INTERACTIVE EXPERIMENTS IN GRAVITY (QUICKTIME & JAVA APPLETS) - J. Walker, Switzerland VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Interactive Experiments in Gravity "...contains documents and interactive Java applets which explore aspects of both Newton's theory of universal gravitation and Einstein's general relativity..." For more information see Index Librorum Liberorum Examples of Gravity Calculators include Bending Spacetime in the Basement Teaching Modules (Quicktime) & Calculators Gravitational Force Between any Two Objects Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Mass 1; Mass 2; Distance..." Orbits in Strongly Curved Spacetime Calculator Orbits in Strongly Curved Spacetime Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Angular Momentum; Mass; Mass Radius..." 2D GRAVITY: QUANTUM GRAVITY SIMULATION (JAVA APPLET) - Department of Physics, Syracuse University 2D Gravity Applet is "...a visualization of a simulation of a two-dimensional simplicial quantum gravity model. The surface is a dynamical triangulation, that is, as the simulation progresses..." For more information see Interactive Simulations; Physics Courses or the Department of Physics

Heim Mass Theory HEIM MASS CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS HEIM MASS CALCULATOR - Department of Computer Science, Daimi, Faculty of Science, University of Aarhus, Denmark VERY EXTENSIVE. Heim Mass Calculator calculates "...Lepton mu; Messon pi (charge); Messon pi (zero); Messon k (charge); Messon eta; Messon k (zero); Baryon proton; Baryon neutron; Baryon lambda; etc..." Heim Mass Calculator INPUT Values include "...Select Formula; Gravitational Constant..." For more information see Heim Mass Theory; Heim Mass Formula Program; Martin Sponholtz's Home Page or the Department of Computer Science, Daimi Hysteresis HYSTERESIS COURSES WITH CALCULATORS & APPLETS INTRODUCTION TO HYSTERESIS (JAVA APPLETS) - A. Pokrovskii, Department of Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematics, Applied Mathematics and Statistics, National University of Ireland-Cork, Cork, Ireland Multimedia Introduction to Hysteresis Course (Text, Images, Simulations & Applets). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Introduction to Hysteresis Course "...The mathematical theory of systems with hysteresis is an exiting new chapter of nonlinear analysis. While based on physical ideas, it also extends them to abstract science, enabling the analysis to be of quite general character. It includes interesting new mathematics and has a wide range of applications in science, engineering and economics..." For more information see Alexei Pokrovskii's Home Page or the School of Mathematics, Applied Mathematics and Statistics Some examples from over "12" Hysteresis Calculators include Preisach Model: Preisach Model Calculator Preisach Model: Discrete Preisach Model Calculator Closed Loop Systems: ODE with Relay Calculator Complex Behavior: Chaotic behavior Applet HYSTERESIS CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS HYSTERESIS AND AVALANCHES - J.P. Sethna, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Department of Physics, Cornell University Multimedia Hysteresis and Avalanches Teaching Modules & Applets (Text & Images). VERY EXTENSIVE. Hysteresis and Avalanches "...hysteresis loops often consist of many small jumps. These jumps can be thought of as the jerky motion of a domain boundary, or as an avalanche of many local spins or domains..." Hysteresis and Avalanches Calculators include: "...Three Dimensions: Cascade; Two Dimensions: Large Randomness; The Infinite Avalanche: Three Dimensions; etc..." For more information see What's Hysteresis?; James P. Sethna's Home Page; Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physicsor the Department of Physics HYSTERESIS APPLET - P. Houle, Honeylocust Media Systems VERY EXTENSIVE. Hysteresis Simulation "...simulates hysteresis using a random-field ising model developed by Jim Sethna and his group. You can run our model at three different values of the random field, which determines the influence of disorder on the system..." For more information see Honeylocust Media Systems Integrals INTEGRALS CALCULATORS & APPLETS INTEGRALS: THE INTEGRATOR - Wolfram Research, Inc VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Wolfram Mathematica Online Integrator "...The Power To Do Integrals As The World Has Never Seen Before..." Wolfram Mathematica Online Integrator "...is powered by webMathematica, so it expects input to be in Mathematica syntax. It can also parse many expressions when they are not in exactly the right form, so people who are unfamiliar with Mathematica syntax details will not usually encounter problems..." For more information see Wolfram Research, Inc Interferometers INTERFEROMETER RELATED CENTERS FOR MORE RELATED CALCULATORS SEE PHYSICS - ATOMIC, MOLECULAR & OPTICAL INTERFEROMETER CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS FABRY-PEROT INTERFEROMETER CALCULATORS & APPLETS FABRY-PEROT INTERFEROMETER (JAVA APPLET) - T. McIntyre, Department of Physics, School of Physical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia VERY EXTENSIVE. Fabry-Perot Interferometer Calculator "...Illustrates the operation of a Fabry-Perot interferometer..." Fabry-Perot Interferometer Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Separation; Wavelength; Wavelength Separation; Reflectivity..." For more information see Optics Applets; Tim McIntyre's Home Page or the Department of Physics FABRY-PEROT INTERFEROMETER CALCULATORS - C.R. Nave, Department of Physics & Astronomy, College of Arts & Sciences, Georgia State University VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Interference Concepts; Light & Vision; HyperPhysics; Carl Rod Nave's Home Page; Department of Physics & Astronomy or Georgia State University MICHELSON INTERFEROMETER CALCULATORS & APPLETS INTERACTIVE INTERFEROMETRY (SHOCKWAVE) - Space Interferometry Mission (SIM), Planet Quest, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology VERY EXTENSIVE. Michelson Interferometer "...This application simulates a small Michelson interferometer very much like one of our laboratory setups..." For more information see Interferometry; Images & Presentations; Space Interferometry Mission (SIM) or Planet Quest MICHELSON INTERFEROMETER (JAVA APPLET) - T. McIntyre, Department of Physics, School of Physical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia VERY EXTENSIVE. Michelson Interferometer Calculator INPUT Values include: Source "...He-Ne, Nd:YAG, Sodium, White or Other Gas: Air or Unknown; Separation; Pressure; etc..." For more information see Optics Applets; Tim McIntyre's Home Page or the Department of Physics

Kinetics KINETICS RELATED CENTERS FOR MORE KINETICS DATABASES, CALCULATORS & APPLETS SEE THE CHEMISTRY CALCULATOR CENTER: KINETICS & CHEMICAL KINETICS KINETICS CALCULATORS, APPLETS & SIMULATIONS KINETICS SIMULATION - B. Herreros, Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California (USC) Michaelis-Menten Enzyme Kinetics Simulation "...During an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the substrate (S) binds to the enzyme (E) to form the enzyme-substrate complex (ES). ES then dissociates to form enzyme and free product...." For more information see Bruno's Java; Bruno Herreros Home Page or the Department of Chemistry KINETICS CALCULATOR (MATHEMATICA) - B. Herreros, Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California (USC) Kinetics Calculator "...calculates the kinetics for the hypothetical reaction...." For more information see Bruno's Java; Bruno Herreros Home Page or the Department of Chemistry KINETIC THEORY CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS KINETIC THEORY I (JAVA APPLET) - J. Gea-Banacloche, Department of Physics, University of Arkansas Kinetic Theory I Calculator "...simulates a 2 dimensional gas of hard spheres. It illustrates several important concepts in statistical mechanics/kinetic theory, such as: mean free path and average time between collisions,..." For more information see Julio Gea-Banacloche's Home-Made Page KINETIC RESOLUTION CALCULATORS & APPLETS KINETIC RESOLUTION CALCULATION (JAVA APPLET) - J.M. Goodman, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University VERY EXTENSIVE. Kinetic Resolution Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Enter: S (>1); ee Percentage or c Percentage..." For more information see Magnus: Chemical Calculations in Java; Tools; Goodman Group; Jonathan M. Goodman's Home Page or the Department of Chemistry KINETICS SEQUENTIAL REACTIONS CALCULATORS & APPLETS KINETICS SEQUENTIAL REACTIONS AND THE STEADY STATE HYPOTHESIS (JAVA APPLET) - J.M. Goodman, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge University VERY EXTENSIVE. Kinetics Sequential Reactions and the Steady State Hypothesis Calculator "...The problem of integrating the rate equations can be overcome by the use of approximations..." For more information see Magnus: Chemical Calculations in Java; Tools; Goodman Group; Jonathan M. Goodman's Home Page or the Department of Chemistry LRC LRC CIRCUIT CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS LRC CIRCUIT LAB (JAVA APPLET) - Physics 1, Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, (CIT) LRC Circuit Lab Calculator "...is intended to show you how a system of a resistor, a capacitor and an inductor react with one another in a system..." For more information see Physics 1 Applet Page or Physics 1b (Analytical): Special Relativity and Electromagnetism Magnetics MAGNETIC CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS MAGNETIC CONVERSION FACTORS - CALCULATORS - The Arnold Engineering Company VERY EXTENSIVE. Magnetic Conversion Factors Calculators include: "...Magnetic Induction Calculator; Magnetic Field Strength Calculator; Maximum Energy Product Calculator..." For more information see Applications; Magnetics Technology Center or the Group Arnold MAGNETIC CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS MAGNETIC FIELD STRENGTH CALCULATIONS: GAUSS CALCULATIONS - The Arnold Engineering Company VERY EXTENSIVE. Magnetic Field Strength "...Magnetic field strength, in gauss, can be calculated at any distance from the end of a magnet. Results are for field strength on-axis..." Magnetic Field Strength Calculators include: "...Gauss Output of a Cylindrical Magnet Calculator; Gauss Output of a Rectangular Magnet Calculator..." For more information see Applications; Magnetics Technology Center or the Group Arnold PERMEANCE COEFFICIENTS - CALCULATORS - The Arnold Engineering Company VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Permeance Coefficients (Pc) "...are important in material selection to ensure optimal design. The Permeance Coefficient of a magnet is also referred to as the "operating slope", load line or B/H of the magnet in open circuit condition..." Permeance Coefficients (Pc) Calculators include: "...Permeance Coefficient (Pc) Calculation for Axial Cylinders Calculator; Permeance Coefficient (Pc) Calculation for Transverse Cylinders Calculator; Permeance Coefficient (Pc) Calculation for Hollow Axial Cylinders Calculator; Permeance Coefficient (Pc) Calculation for Rectangles..." For more information see Applications; Magnetics Technology Center or the Group Arnold MAGNETIC EXCITATIONS IN FERROMAGNETS CALCULATORS & APPLETS INTRODUCTION TO HIGH FREQUENCY MAGNETIC EXCITATIONS IN FERROMAGNETS (JAVA APPLETS) - M.J. Hurben VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Michael J. Hurben's Web Site Examples of High Frequency Magnetic Excitations in Ferromagnets Calculators & Applets include Processing Magetization Applet Processing Magetization Applet "...demonstrates the damped precessional motion of the magnetization vector M..." Spin Waves Applet Spin Waves Applet "...provides a simple graphical depiction of spin waves on a two-dimensional lattice. The applet shows a 6-by-6 array of precessing spins. Each of these precessing moments obey the same equations of motion..." ISING MODEL CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS PHASE TRANSITIONS IN MAGNETICS: 2D ISING MODEL (JAVA APPLET) - E. Demidov, Department of Semiconductor Physics, Institute for Physics of Microstructures (IPM), Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Russia VERY EXTENSIVE. Available in English & Russian. Phase Transitions in Magnetics Calculator "...Magnetic phase transition can be observed in a very simple system. In Ising model interacting spins (magnet vectors) occupy lattice sites. Every spin..." For more information see Phase Transitions; E-notes; Evgeny Demidov's Home Page or the Institute for Physics of Microstructures ISING-MODEL (JAVA APPLET) - A. Peter Young, Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz Ising Model "...presentation of flipping spins and current estimates of system energy and magnetization..." For more information see A. Peter Young's Home Page or the Department of Physics

Neutrons NEUTRONS RELATED CENTERS FOR NEUTRON DATABASES SEE PHYSICS DATABASES NEUTRON COURSES, MANUALS, LECTURES, ETC. THE FUNDAMENTALS OF NEUTRON POWER DIFFRACTION - John R. Copley, The Neutron Condensed Matter Science Group, NIST Center for Neutron Research (NCNR), National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Multimedia The Fundamentals of Neutron Powder Diffraction Manual - Special Publication 960-1, - PDF, 40 Pages (Text & Images). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Examples of The Fundamentals of Neutron Powder Diffraction Manual Sections & Chapters include Introduction "...Diffraction; Crystals and Powders; Scattering, Diffraction and Absorption; etc..." Methods "...Instrumentation; Scattering of Neutrons and X-rays; Atomic Disorder; etc..." Colossal Magnetoresistors; etc. For more information see NIST Center for Neutron Research (NCNR) or the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) NEUTRON TRAINING COURSE MANUAL - ISIS, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Science and Technology Facilities Council, U.K. Multimedia ISIS Neutron Training Course Manual (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Neutron Training Course Manual includes Module 1: Spectroscopy: Inelastic Neutron Scattering Chapters include "...Inelastic neutron scattering from polycrystalline materials; Single Crystal Experiments on Chopper Spectrometers; The use of computational chemistry for the analysis of INS spectra; etc..." Module 2: Diffraction: Neutron Diffraction Chapters include "...Introduction to Neutron Diffraction; Single Crystal Diffraction; Total Diffraction from Disordered Materials; etc..." Module 3: Large Scale Structures Chapters include "...Introduction to Small Angle Neutron Scattering: SANS; Introduction to neutron reflectometry; etc..." For more information see ISIS Neutron Training Course; ISIS; Rutherford Appleton Laboratory or the Science and Technology Facilities Council NEUTRON CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS NCNR TOOLS - Center for Neutron Research (NCNR), Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, NIST VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. For more information see Center for Neutron Research (NCNR) Examples from over "20" Neutron Calculators include Scattering Length Density Calculator for Thermal Neutron Cross Sections Scattering Length Density Calculator "...Given a chemical compound and a mass density in g/cm3 this applet can calculate the real and imaginary portions of the scattering length density of the material for neutrons and x-rays..." Calculate SANS Data on the Web Calculate SANS Data on the Web "...calculate SANS data using any of 20 different particle models. You can also smear the SANS data using a set of instrument parameters..." Calculate Neutron Reflectivities on the Web Calculate Neutron Reflectivities on the Web "...Make a model profile with layers, define the fronting and backing media and calculate neutron reflectivities..." Nuclear Magnetic Resonance NMR PERIODICAL TABLES SEE PERIODICAL TABLES: NMR NMR CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS NMR - ESTIMATE MAGNETIC RESONANCE PARAMETERS CALCULATORS & APPLETS ESTIMATE MAGNETIC RESONANCE PARAMETERS ONLINE (JAVA APPLETS) - Diagnostic Radiology Department, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH) VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Magnetic Resonance Parameter Calculator include: "...T2 Estimates from T2-Weighted Signals Calculator; T1 Estimates from Saturation Recovery Signals Calculator; T1 Estimates from Inversion Recovery Signals Calculator; Both T1 and T2 Estimates from Multiple TE/TR Signals Calculator..." For more information see Diagnostic Radiology; Diagnostic Radiology Department or the NIH Clinical Center - Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center NMR & MRI COURSES WITH CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS NMR COURSE (SHOCKWAVE) - F. Sauriol, NMR Facility, Department of Chemistry, Queens University, Ontario, Canada VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Multimedia Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Course (Text, Images, Simulations, Animations & Videos/Movies). Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Chapters include: "...Basic Concepts, Pulse Tools, 2DJ-NMR, 2D: Homonuclear, 3D-NMR experiments, etc..." Some examples of Animations include: "...An Animation that reviews various aspect of NMR; An Animation that reviews more specifically Scalar Couplings; Animation on the APT pulse sequence; Animation on 3D HNCA; Animation on the INEPT pulse sequence; Carbon13 couplings; Spin-Echo; etc..." For more information see Advanced NMR Course; The NMR Facility at Queen's University; Facility Information - NMR; Research Facilities - Facility Information or the Department of Chemistry Examples of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Teaching Modules include The APT Experiment Precession and the magnetic field in NMR NMR parameters THE BASICS OF NMR - J.P. Hornak, Chester F. Carlson Center for Imaging Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY Multimedia Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Course (Text, Images, Animations & Simulations). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) "...is a phenomenon which occurs when the nuclei of certain atoms are immersed in a static magnetic field and exposed to a second oscillating magnetic field. Some nuclei experience this phenomenon, and others do not, dependent upon whether they possess a property called spin..." Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Chapters include: "...Introduction; The Mathematics of NMR; Spin Physics; NMR Spectroscopy; Fourier Transforms; Pulse Sequences, NMR Hardware; Practical Considerations; Carbon-13 NMR; 2-D Techniques; Advanced Spectroscopic Techniques; etc..." For more information see the Chester F. Carlson Center for Imaging Science Chapter Examples from 'The Basics of NMR' include Chapter 5: Fourier Transforms Chapter 7: NMR Hardware Chapter 10: 2-D Techniques THE BASICS OF MRI - J.P. Hornak, Chester F. Carlson Center for Imaging Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY Multimedia Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Course (Text, Images, Animations, Simulations & Audio/Sound). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) "...is an imaging technique used primarily in medical settings to produce high quality images of the inside of the human body. MRI is based on the principles of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), a spectroscopic technique used by scientists to obtain microscopic chemical and physical information about molecules. The technique was called magnetic resonance imaging rather than nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI) because of the negative connotations associated with the word..." Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Chapters include: "...Introduction; The Mathematics of NMR; Spin Physics; NMR Spectroscopy; Fourier Transforms; Imaging Techniques; Fourier Transform Imaging Principles; Basic Imaging Techniques; Imaging Hardware; Advanced Imaging Techniques; etc..." For more information see Class Material or the Chester F. Carlson Center for Imaging Science Also available in Russian & Italian Chapter Examples from 'The Basics of MRI' include Chapter 2: The Mathematics of NMR Chapter 3: Spin Physics Chapter 12: Advanced Imaging Techniques NMR MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS CALCULATORS & APPLETS GAMMA ONLINE PROGRAMS (JAVA APPLETS) - S.A. Smith, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Program, The National High Magnetic Filed Laboratory (NHMFL), Florida State University VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. GAMMA Includes over "50" Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Calculators. "...GAMMA is a C++ library expressly for simulation of Magnetic Resonance experiments..." For more information see Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Program Resources; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Program or the National High Magnetic Filed Laboratory NMR SPECTROSCOPY CALCULATORS & APPLETS NMR AND MRI RELATED TOOLS - SpectroscopyNow.com, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see the SpectroscopyNow.com Examples of NMR Calculators & MRI Calculators include Pulse Length/Power Level & Pulse length/field strength Calculators Pulse Length/Power Level Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Pulse Length Measured; Measured at Power Level; Pulse Length or Power Level..." Pulse Length/Field Strength Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Pulse Length or Field Strength..." Generalized Karplus Calculator Generalized Karplus Calculator INPUT Values include: "...To calculate a coupling constant for a given dihedral angle (q) simply change the value in the form. To change the equation either type in the new coefficients or select a Karplus equation from the list..." NMR Temperature Measurements Calculator NMR Temperature Measurements Calculator INPUT Values include: "...fill out the proton frequency and the frequency difference between two selected peaks depending from the thermometer used..." NMR SPECTROSCOPY TOOLS - Department of Chemistry, Colby College, Waterville, Maine VERY VERY VERYK...EXTENSIVE. For more information see Department of Chemistry Some examples of NMR Spectroscopy Tools & Calculators include 1 Chemical Shift Prediction Calculator 1 Chemical Shift Prediction Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Functional Group (H, R- alkyl, R2C=CR-alkene, F, Cl, Br, etc...); Alpha Substituents; Beta Substituents; Gamma Substituents..." JD: Spin-Spin Splitting Simulation JD: Spin-Spin Splitting Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Operating Frequency; Environment (Shift-ppm; Number of Spins); Coupling Constants..." SPECTROSCOPY DATA VIEWERS - CALCULATORS & APPLETS Infrared and Raman spectra COMPUTED SPECTRAL DATA 3D-VISUALIZAION (COMSPEC 3D) - F. Oellien & Wolf-D. Ihlenfeldt, The J. Gasteiger Research Group, Computer-Chemie-Centrum and Institut für Organische Chemie (Institute for Organic Chemistry), Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Germany) Multimedia Database (Text & Images). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Computed Spectral Data 3D-Visualization (ComSpec3D) "...is an online service for the calculation and visualization of Infrared and Raman spectra and their corresponding normal modes..." "...All data related to the IR and raman spectra like frequencies and normal modes are based on quantum-mechanical calculations performed with the semi-empircal programm VAMP (PM3 method)..." For more information see Services; Techniques for Organic Reactions, Visualization, and Spectroscopy; Computer-Chemie-Centrum (Computer Chemistry Center) or the Institut für Organische Chemie (Institute for Organic Chemistry) Photoelectric Effect PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT CALCULATORS & APPLETS PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT (JAVA APPLET) - X.E. Curull, Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE) - Institute for High Energy Physics, Barcelona, Spain VERY EXTENSIVE. Photoelectric Effect Calculator "...shows you the effect of light on various metals..." Photoelectric Effect Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Metal Aluminum, Beryllium, Cesium, Coper, Iron, Lead, Lithium, Molybdenum, Platinum, Silver, Zinc, etc. Wavelength; High or Low Density; etc..." For more information see Xavi Espinal Curull's Home Page PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT (JAVA APPLET) - W. Fendt, Augsburg, Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Germany) Photoelectric Effect Calculator "...simulates an experiment for the determination of the Planck constant and the work function: A single spectral line is filtered out from the light of a mercury lamp..." For more information see Walter Fendt's Home Page

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