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PHYSICS BY SUBJECT: Q-Z Quantum Mechanics Courses, Lectures, Calculators, etc. (Schrödinger, Heisenberg, Hilbert, Interference, Tunneling, etc.) Quantum Computation Radiation ~ Relativity & Tensors Scattering, Absorption & Extinction ~ Sensors & Devices Spectroscopy Sports Physics: Auto Racing, Baseball, Billiards & Pool, Football, Rowing, Surfing Statistical Mechanics ~ String Theory ~ Thermodynamics Vacuum Pumps & Guages ~ Wave Interaction & Simulations Physics Center Calculators On-Line Center

Quantum Mechanics

Quantum Mechanics Courses, Textbooks, etc. (Calculators, Applets, Animations, Simulations & Videos/Movies) Quantum Mechanics Lessons (Calculators, Applets, Animations, Simulations & Videos/Movies) Bohr ~ Schrödinger ~ Hamiltonian ~ Fermi Coherent States of Quantum Harmonics Hilbert Curves, Sierpinski Curves, Peano Curves Kronig-Penny Model Quantum Interference ~ Quantum Barrier Penetration/Quantum Tunneling

Quantum Mechanics Courses, Textbooks, Calculators, Simulations, etc. QUANTUM MECHANICS COURSES, TEXTBOOKS, ETC. Undergraduate Introduction to Quantum Mechanics Courses, Textbooks, etc. QUANTUM MACHANICS (PHYSICS 221A) - R. Littlejohn, Department of Physics, College of Letters & Science, University of California, Berkeley Multimedia Quantum Mechanics Course (Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Quantum Mechanics" Course Video Lectures & Lecture Notes include "...The Postulates of Quantum Mechanics; The Density Operator; Time Evolution in Quantum Mechanics; Harmonic Oscillators and Coherent States; Charged Particles in Magnetic Fields,; Rotations in Quantum Mechanics, and Rotations of Spin 1/2 Systems; Spins in Magnetic Fields; Central Force Motion; Irreducible Tensor Operators and the Wigner-Eckart Theorem; Bound-State Perturbation Theory; etc..." For more information see Department of Physics QUANTUM MECHANICS IN CHEMISTRY (PDF) - Authors: Jack Simons and Jeff Nichols; Henry Eyring Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Utah Multimedia Quantum Mechanics in Chemistry Textbook (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Quantum Mechanics in Chemistry "...This is a text dealing with the basics of quantum mechanics and electronic structure theory. It provides an introduction to molecular spectroscopy (although most classes on this subject will require additional material) and to the subject of molecular dynamics (whose classes again will require additional material)..." Examples of "Quantum Mechanics in Chemistry" Textbook Sections, Chapters & Subchapters include Section 1: Basic Tools of Quantum Mechanics Chapter 1: Quantum mechanics describes matter in terms of wavefunctions and energy levels. physical measurements are described in terms of operators acting on wavefunctions; Chapter 2: Approximation methods can be used when exact solutions to the Schrödinger equation can not be found; Chapter 3: Application of the Schrödinger equation to the motions of electrons and nuclei in a molecule lead to the chemists' picture of electronic energy surfaces on which vibration and rotation occurs and among which transitions take place; Subchapter 1: Born-Oppenheimer Separation of Electronic and Nuclear Motions; Subchapter 2: Rotation and Vibration of Diatomic Molecules; Section 2: Simple Molecular Orbital Theory; Section 3: Electronic Configurations, Term Symbols, and States; Section 4: Molecular Rotation and Vibration; etc. For more information see Theoretical Chemistry; Jack Simons Home Page or the Henry Eyring Center for Theoretical Chemistry INTRODUCTORY TO QUANTUM MECHANICS I - T. Van Voorhis, Department of Chemistry, & the MIT OpenCourseWare, MIT Multimedia Introductory to Quantum Mechanics I Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Introductory to Quantum Mechanics I "...covers fundamental concepts of quantum mechanics: wave properties, uncertainty principles, Schrödinger equation, and operator and matrix methods. Basic applications of the following are discussed: one-dimensional potentials (harmonic oscillator), three-dimensional centrosymmetric potentials..." Examples of "Introductory to Quantum Mechanics I" Course Lectures include "...Experimental Evidence for Quantum Mechanics; The Machinery of Quantum Mechanics; Exactly Solvable Problems; Matrix Mechanics; Time Dependence; Angular Momentum; Central Potentials; etc..." For more information see Introductory to Quantum Mechanics I Home Page; Troy Van Voorhis's Home Page; Department of Chemistry; Chemistry Courses or MIT OpenCourseWare Undergraduate Intermediate & Advanced Quantum Mechanics Courses, Textbooks, etc. INTERMEDIATE QUANTUM MECHANICS - R. Fitzpatrick, Department of Physics, College of Natural Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, Texas Multimedia Intermediate Quantum Mechanics Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Intermediate Quantum Mechanics" Course Lectures include "...Probability Theory; Wave-particle Duality; Fundamentals of Quantum Mechanics; One-dimensional Potentials; Multi-particle Systems; Three-dimensional Quantum Mechanics; Orbital Angular Momentum; Central Potentials; Spin Angular Momentum; Addition of Angular Momentum; Time-independent Perturbation Theory; Time-dependent Perturbation Theory; etc..." For more information see the Quantum Mechanics Home Page; Courses taught by Richard Fitzpatrick at UT Austin; Richard Fitzpatrick's Home Page; Richard Fitzpatrick's Faculty Home Page or the Department of Physics ADVANCED QUANTUM PHYSICS (PDF) - David Ritchie, Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge Multimedia Quantum Physics Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples from over "23" "Advanced Quantum Physics" Course Lectures include Lectures 1-4: Review of Quantum Physics; Lectures 5-8: Methods of Approximation "...Variational Method; Born-Oppenheimer Approximation; Time-independent Perturbation Theory; Degenerate Perturbation Theory..." Lectures 9-12: Relativity and Magnetic fields "...Quantum Mechanics and Magnetic Fields; Relativistic Quantum Mechanics; Particle in a Uniform Magnetic Field; Landau Levels..." For more information see Advanced Quantum Physics Course Alternative Site; David Ritchie's Home Page; Semiconductor Physics Group; Undergraduate Teaching or the Department of Physics ADVANCED QUANTUM MECHANICS (PH195C) - H. Mabuchi, Caltech & Stanford University Multimedia Quantum Mechanics Course - PDF (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Advanced Quantum Mechanics" Course Chapters include "...Eigenvalues of a Density Operator; Entanglement & Information; The Bloch Equations; Eigenfunctions of the Harmonic Oscillator; etc..." ADVANCED QUANTUM MECHANICS: THE PATH INTEGRAL APPROACH TO QUANTUM MECHANICS LECTURE NOTES - Matthias Blau, Gravity and String Theory Group, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics - Institute for Theoretical Physics, Université de Neuchâtel, Switzerland Multimedia Advanced Quantum Mechanics: The Path Integral Approach to Quantum Mechanics Course Lecture Notes - PDF - 55 Pages (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Advanced Quantum Mechanics: The Path Integral Approach to Quantum Mechanics" Course Lecture Notes include "...The Evolution Kernel; Towards the Path Integral Representation of the Kernel; Gaussian Path Integrals and Determinants; Generating Functionals and Perturbative Expansions; etc..." For more information see Matthias Blau's Lecture Notes; Matthias Blau's Home Page; Gravity and String Theory Group or the Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics - Institute for Theoretical Physics Graduate Quantum Mechanics Courses, Textbooks, etc. QUANTUM MECHANICS - R. Fitzpatrick, Department of Physics, College of Natural Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, Texas Multimedia Graduate Quantum Mechanics Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of Graduate "Quantum Mechanics" Course Chapters include "...Position and Momentum; Quantum Dynamics; Angular Momentum; Approximation Methods; Scattering Theory; etc..." For more information see the Quantum Mechanics Home Page; Courses taught by Richard Fitzpatrick at UT Austin; Richard Fitzpatrick's Home Page; Richard Fitzpatrick's Faculty Home Page or the Department of Physics QUANTUM CHEMISTRY (6321) - E.R. Bittner, Department of Chemistry, University of Houston Multimedia Quantum Chemistry Course - PDF, 259 Pages (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Quantum Chemistry" Course Lecture Subject Categories include "...Waves and Wavefunctions; Semi-Classical Quantum Mechanics; Postulates of Quantum Mechanics; Quantum Mechanics in 3D; Perturbation Theory; Many Body Quantum Mechanics; etc..." For more information see Quantum Chemistry (6321) Home Page; Eric R. Bittner's Home Page; Eric R. Bittner's Faculty Home Page or the Department of Chemistry TIME-DEPENDENT QUANTUM MECHANICS AND SPECTROSCOPY - A. Tokmakoff, Physical & Biological Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, MIT Multimedia Time-Dependent Quantum Mechanics and Spectroscopy Graduate Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Time-Dependent Quantum Mechanics and Spectroscopy" Graduate Course Categories & Lectures include Introduction "...Time-Independent Hamiltonian; Two-Level System; etc..." Basics of a Time-Dependent Hamilitonian "...Time-Development of State Amplitudes; Quantum Dynamics: The Time-Evolution Operator; Schrödinger, Heisenberg and Interaction Pictures; Perturbation Theory; Fermi's Golden Rule; etc..." Interaction of Light and Matter "...Electric Dipole Hamiltonian and Absorption Spectrum; Cross-Section for Absorption and Stimulated Emission; Spontaneous Emission; Quantized Radiation Field; etc..." Spectroscopoy with Correlation Functions; Flucations in Spectroscopy "...Fluctuations and Randomness; Fluctuations in Spectroscopy; Quantum Fluctuations: Energy Gap Hamiltonian; etc..." Linear Response Theory; Quantum Relaxation Rates; Coherent Nonlinear Spectroscopy; etc. For more information see Time-Dependent Quantum Mechanics and Spectroscopy Home Page; Tokmakoff Lab Home Page; Department of Chemistry or MIT

QUANTUM MECHANICS LESSONS WITH CALCULATORS, APPLETS, VIDEOS/MOVIES QUANTUM PHYSICS LESSON WITH CALCULATORS & APPLET AN INTRODUCTION TO QUANTUM MECHANICS (CHIME & FLASH) - N. McDonald, M. Kitagawa-DeLeon, A. Timasheva, H. Hanlin, Z. Lilas, & S.J. Singer, Department of Chemistry, Ohio State University Multimedia Quantum Mechanics Lessons (Text, Images, Animations & Simulations). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Quantum Mechanics" Lessons include "...Uncertainty; Probability; Trajectories and Probability; Particles and Waves; Stationary States; Nodes and DeBroglie's Principle; Nodes of the Hydrogen Atom Eigenstates; The Helium Wave Function; The Pauli Principle; The Aufbau Principle; etc..." For more information see BETHA Chemistry Tutorials or the Department of Chemistry QUANTUM PHENOMENA SIMULATIONS - Physics Education Technology, Department of Physics, College of Arts & Sciences, University of Colorado Multimedia Physics Simulations Lessons (Text & Images). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Examples of Quantum Phenomena Simulations include "...Quantum Tunneling and Wave Packets; Quantum Bound State; Quantum Wave Interference; Stern-Gerlach Experiment; Double Wells and Covalent Bonds; etc..." For more information see Physics Simulations; Simulations or the Department of Physics VIRTUAL QUANTUM MECHANICS (JAVA APPLETS) - O. Tchernyshyov & J. Wasserman, Henry A. Rowland Department of Physics & Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Multimedia Quantum Mechanics Lessons (Text & Images). For more information see Oleg Tchernyshyov's Home Page or the Henry A. Rowland Department of Physics & Astronomy Some examples from over "6" Quantum Mechanics Applets include Entangled Spins and Quantum Encryption Potts Model Simulation Applet Cylindrical Coordinates Visualization Applet VISUAL QUANTUM MECHANICS (SHOCKWAVE) - Physics Education Research Group, Department of Physics, Kansas State University Multimedia Quantum Mechanics Lessons (Text, Images, Animations & Simulations). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see the Physics Education Research Group or the Department of Physics Some examples of Quantum Mechanics Simulations include Franck-Hertz Experiment Zeeman Spectroscopy Cylindrical Coordinates Visualization Applet VISUAL QUANTUM MECHANICS (QUICKTIME) - Bernd Thaller, Institute for Mathematics & Scientific Computing, Karl-Frazens-Universität Graz, Austria In English & German/Deutsch. Multimedia Quantum Mechanics Lessons (Text, Images & Videos/Movies). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Quantum Mechanics" Video Lessons include Free motion "...Direction of motion in 1D Video; Superposition of Gaussian states in 2D Video; etc..." Boundary conditions "...Unit function in a Dirichlet box Video; Double-slit experiment Video; etc...." Harmonic Oscillator "...Squeezed state in 2D Video; Constant shape of a shifted eigenstate Video; etc..." Special Systems "...Free fall of a Gaussian; Gaussian in a constant magnetic field; Aharonov-Bohm effect Video..." Scattering "...Potential step in momentum space Video; Tunneling through a barrier Video; Scattering at a cylindrical barrier Video; etc..." Advanced Quantum Mechanics Video Lessons include: Hydrogen Atom "...Superposition state Video; Oscillation Video; etc..." Dirac Equation "...Zitterbewegung (free motion) Video; Lorentz transformation Video; Smooth potential well (positive energy) Video; Smooth potential well (negative energy) Video; Scattering at a high potential step; Scattering at a very high step (Klein's paradox) Video; etc..." For more information see the Visual Quantum Mechanics WAVE PACKETS AND THE CLASSICAL LIMIT OF QUANTUM MECHANICS - Carlos R. Stroud, Jr., Institute of Optics, University of Rochester Multimedia Wave Packet Lessons (Text, Images, Animations & Simulations). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Wave Packet and the Classical Limit Quantum Mechanics" Subject Categories & Animations include Circular Orbit Wave Packets "...Motion of a hydrogen circular orbit wave packet; Strobed motion of a circular orbit wave packet; Spreading of a hydrogen circular orbit wave packet; etc..." Core Scattering "...Core Scattering in Elliptic States: Hydrogen vs. Sodium; Core Scattering in Sodium: Classical vs. Hydrogenic Behavior..." Infinite Square Well Wave Packets "...Gaussian Wave Packet; Decay of High Momentum Wave Packet; etc..." Terahertz Pulses "...Shaping of a Terahertz Pulse by a Slit in a Thin Screen; Shaping of a Terahertz Pulse by a Slit in a Thick Screen..." For more information see Stroud Wave Packet Home Page or the Institute of Optics

BOHR CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS THE BOHR ATOM (HYDROGEN ATOM) CALCULATORS & APPLETS THE BOHR ATOM: ENERGY LEVELS OF THE HYDROGEN ATOM (JAVA APPLET) - G. Anderson, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Northwestern University For more information see The Virtual Physics Laboratory or the Department of Physics & Astronomy HYDROGEN ATOM ORBITAL VIEWER (JAVA APPLET) - P. Falstad VERY EXTENSIVE. Hydrogen Atom Orbital Calculator "...displays the wave functions (orbitals) of the hydrogen atom (actually the hydrogenic atom) in 3-D..." Hydrogen Atom Orbital Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Select Real Orbitals; Complex Orbitals; Real Combinations; Complex Combinations; Multiple Bases or Hybrid Bases; Show No Slicing, X Slicing, Y Slicing or Z Slicing; etc..." For more information see Math, Physics & Engineering Applets or Paul Falstad's Home Page HYDROGEN ATOM PROBABILITY DENSITY APPLET - C. Fisher, Department of Physics, Davidson College Hydrogen Atom Probability Density Calculator "...solves the Quantum Mechanical Hydrogenic Wave Function and then paints a picture showing the amplitude of Psi in the x-z plane a certain number of Bohr radii from the nucleus. The reason the Applet graphs the amplitude of Psi instead of the modulus squared (the actual probability of finding the electron an x number of Bohr radii from the nucleus) is due to limitations in the color scale..." For more information see Cabell Fisher's Home Page or Department of Physics SCHRÖDINGER CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS SCHRÖDINGER'S EQUATION CALCULATORS & APPLETS 1-DIMENSIONAL PARTICLE STATES APPLET - P. Falstad VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. 1-Dimensional Particle States Calculator (Schrödinger Calculator) is "...a quantum mechanics simulation that shows the behavior of a single particle in bound states in one dimension. It solves the Schrödinger equation and allows you to visualize the solutions..." For more information see Math, Physics & Engineering Applets or Paul Falstad's Home Page CLASSICAL WAVEPACKET SOLUTION TO SCHRÖDINGER'S EQUATION - C.W.P. Palmer & J. Paulin, Department of Physics, University of Oxford VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see How does Quantum Mechanics turn into Classical or the Department of Physics SOLUTIONS TO THE SCHRÖDINGER EQUATION - William Benfold, University of Southampton, U.K. VERY EXTENSIVE. Solutions to the Schrödinger Equation Calculator "...illustrates the use of a "Shooting Method" to find solutions to the Schrödinger equation, with various different types of potential function. The default is "square wells", where the potential V(x) is constant, save for finitely many square wells..." For more information see Applets or Benfold THE TIME-DEPENDENT SCHRÖDINGER EQUATION - William Benfold, University of Southampton, U.K. VERY EXTENSIVE. The Time-Dependent Schrödinger Equation Calculator "...shows the evolution over time of a gaussian wave function, with either a series of potential wells, or a quadratic potential. As usual, the depth, width and number of wells may be varied using the text fields provided. In addition, the initial width, position and energy of the the wave function can be chosen. The potential will be marked on the graph, either as a quadratic curve, or as pairs of vertical markers (edges of potential wells)...." For more information see Applets or Benfold VISUAL SCHRÖDINGER: A VISUALIZER-SOLVER APPLET FOR THE ONE-DIMENSIONAL SCHRÖDINGER EQUATION (JAVA APPLET) - K. Schmidt, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Arizona State University & M.A. Lee, Department of Physics, Kent State University VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Visual Schrödinger Calculator "...numerically solves the one-dimensional Schrödinger equation for a variety of standard Hamiltonians and permits users to define their own potential functions and rapidly display the results..." Some prepared examples of the Schrödinger Calculator include the: "...1-D Harmonic Oscillator; L=1, Radial 3-d Harmonic Oscillator; H Atom 1s State and H Atom 2p State; Cl 2 Morse Potential; Malfliet-Tjon Deuteron; 30th Excited of 0.5*x**4; The Double Harmonic Oscillator; Square Well; Two Narrow Pulses; "Atom" for Solid Slab and Solid Slab; Infinite Well Super Symmetric Partner..." For more information see Kevin Schmidt's Home Page HAMILTONIAN CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS THE SPIN-BOSON HAMILTONIAN (JAVA APPLET) - J. Gea-Banacloche, & J. Ostmeyer, Department of Physics, Natural Sciences, Fulbright College of Arts & Sciences, University of Arkansas VERY EXTENSIVE. Spin-Boson Hamiltonian Calculator "...features a quantized harmonic oscillator coupled to a two-level system. The parameters in (1) are referred to, in the text Fields below, as the "spin frequency", "oscillator frequency" and "coupling"..." For more information see Visualizing Quantum Dynamics: Bloch Spheres and Q-Functions; Julio Gea-Banacloche's Faculty Home Page or the Department of Physics NUMERICAL HAMILTONIAN PROBLEMS (JAVA APPLET) - S.A. Sarra, Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Marshall University VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Numerical Hamiltonian Problems Calculator "...demonstrates the integration of six model Hamiltonian systems by a variety of sympletic and non-sympletic methods..." For more information see Scott A. Sarra's Home Page or the Department of Mathematics FERMI CALCULATORS & APPLETS FERMI SURFACE DATABASE CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANNIMATIIONS, SIMULATIONS FERMI SURFACE DATABASE (APPLETS, JPEG, VRML1 & VRML2) - S. Hershfield, C.J. Stanton, Tat-Sang (Alex) Choy, J. Naset & J. Chen, Department of Physics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Florida Multimedia Fermi Surface Database (Text, Images, Animations, Simulations, etc.). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Selman Hershfield's Home Page; Christopher J. Stanton's Home Page or the Department of Physics Other Fermi Surface Databases include Fermi Surfaces in Stereo3D and Java3D Periodic Table of the Fermi Surfaces of Elemental Solids FERMI SURFACES - Jörg Bergmann, Institut für Theoretische Physik, TU Dresden, Germany Multimedia Fermi Surfaces Database (Text, Images, Animations, Simulations, etc.). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Fermi Surfaces "...Fermi surfaces, Fermi velocities and character of the electronic states at the Fermi surfaces are visualised based on ab initio electronic structure calculations within a scalar-relativistic or fully relativistic optimized LCAO scheme for the light and heavy elements, respectively..." "...The velocity at the Fermi surface is indicated by continuously changing colours from low velocity states (blue) to high velocity states (red)..." For more information see Jörg Bergmann's Home Page or the Institut für Theoretische Physik COHERENT STATES OF QUANTUM HARMONIC OSCILLATOR - GLAUBER STATES GLAUBER STATES: COHERENT STATES OF QUANTUM HARMONIC OSCILLATOR (JAVA APPLET) - Author: O. Psencik and modified by L. Kocbach, Atomic Physics, Theoretical Physics Section, Department of Physics, University of Bergen, Norway VERY EXTENSIVE. Glauber States: Coherent States of Quantum Harmonic Oscillator Calculator "...these states of harmonic oscillator, so called coherent states, are known as Glauber states, and they are known as single harmonic oscillator prototypes of the coherent states of oscillating electromagnetic field, which are the model of ideal continuous wave laser field, or an electromagnetic field of unmodulated radio wave..." For more information see Atomic Physics Courses & Demonstrations; Ladislav Kocbach's Home Page or Atomic Physics

HILBERT CURVES CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS, SIERPINSKI CURVES CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS PEANO CURVES CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS PEANO CURVE APPLET - F.C. Schoute (Emeritus), Department of Electrical Engineering, TU Delft, The Netherlands Peano Curve "...This Peano curve is called a plane-filling curve, because a square of given size will be filled ever denser by successive generations of this Peano curve. More mathematically: Given an arbitrairy point in the square and an epsilon > 0, no matter how small, there will be an N such that the Nth generation Peano curve passes by the given point at a distance smaller than epsilon..." For more information see Frits C. Schoute's Home Page KRONIG-PENNEY MODEL CALCULATORS & APPLETS KRONIG-PENNEY MODEL (JAVA APPLET) - K. Schmidt, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Arizona State University VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Kevin Schmidt's Home Page KRONIG-PENNEY MODEL (JAVA APPLET) - William Benfold, University of Southampton, U.K. VERY EXTENSIVE. Kronig-Penny Model Calculator "...displays the energy-momentum diagrams produced by the Kronig-Penney model for periodic potential..." For more information see Applets or Benfold QUANTUM INTERFERENCE CALCULATORS & APPLETS RIPPLE TANK SIMULATION (JAVA APPLET) - P. Falstad VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Ripple Tank Calculator "...demonstrates waves in two dimensions, including such wave phenomena as interference, diffraction (single slit, double slit, etc.), refraction, resonance, phased arrays, and the Doppler effect..." For more information see Math, Physics & Engineering Applets or Paul Falstad's Home Page QUANTUM BARRIER PENETRATION CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS QUANTUM TUNNELING CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS QUANTUM TUNNELING AMD WAVE PACKETS - Physics Education Technology, Department of Physics, College of Arts & Sciences, University of Colorado Quantum Tunneling Calculator "...Watch quantum "particles" tunnel through barriers. Explore the properties of the wave functions that describe these particles..." For more information see Quantum Phenomena Simulations; Physics Simulations; Simulations or the Department of Physics

Quantum Computation

Handbook of Quantum Information for Undergraduates, Graduates & Scientists Undergraduate Quantum Computation, Qubits, Quantum Information Courses, Lectures, Textbooks, etc. Graduate Quantum Computation, Quantum Information Courses, Lectures, Textbooks, etc. Quantum Computer Calculators & Simulations Teleportation Calculators Quantum Cryptography Courses, Lectures, etc. (Mathematics Center)

Quantum Computation HANDBOOK OF QUANTUM INFORMATION Handbook of Quantum Information For Undergraduates, Graduates & Scientists HANDBOOK OF QUANTUM INFORMATION - Quantiki & Qubit.org, Centre for Quantum Information and Foundations (Formerly: Centre for Quantum Computation), Universities of Oxford and Cambridge, U.K. Multimedia Handbook of Quantum Information: Quantum Lessons (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples from the "Handbook of Quantum Information" Sections & Subsections include: Mathematical Structure "...Hilbert spaces; Bra-ket notation; Density matrix; Tensor products; Observables and measurements; Operators; etc..." Quantum States "...Qubits and Qudits; Pure States; Ensembles; States with well known properties..." Evolution and Operations "...Unitarity and time evolution; Measurements and preparations; State transformations criteria (majorization); etc..." Entanglement "...Bell's theorem; Entanglement measures; Entanglement of particular states; Multipartite entanglement; etc..." Quantum Information Theory "...Classical information; Quantum information; Quantum state compression; etc..." Quantum Communication; Quantum Cryptography; Quantum Computation; Quantum Algorithms; etc. For more information see Quantiki; Centre for Quantum Information and Foundations (Formerly: Centre for Quantum Computation) or Qubit.org UNDERGRADUATE: QUBITS, QUANTUM COMPUTATION, QUANTUM INFORMATION COURSES Undergraduate Courses & Lectures QUANTUM COMPUTATION: PHYSICS 219/COMPUTER SCIENCE 219 - J. Preskill, Theoretical Physics, Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy; and the Institute for Quantum Information, California Institute of Technology Multimedia Quantum Computation Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Quantum Computation" Course Chapters include "...Foundations of Quantum Theory I: States and Ensembles; Foundations of Quantum Theory II: Measurement and Evolution; Quantum Entanglement; Quantum Information Theory; Quantum Computation; Quantum Error Correction; etc..." For more information see John Preskill's Home Page or the Institute for Quantum Information QUANTUM COMPUTATION - U. Vazirani, Computer Science Division, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, College of Engineering, University of California, Berkeley Multimedia Quantum Computation Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples from over "26" "Quantum Computation" Course Lectures include "...Axioms of QM + Bell Inequalities; Tensor Products, safe storage, teleportation, Deutsch-Jozsa; Recursive Fourier Sampling, Simon's Algorithm; Fourier Transform, Period Finding and Factoring in BQP; Hidden Subgroup Problem, quantum error correction; Phase Estimation; QMA completeness; etc..." For more information see Umesh Vazirani's Home Page or the Computer Science Division QUANTUM COMPUTATION - N. David Mermin (Emeritus), Laboratory of Atomic & Solid Physics, Department of Physics, College of Arts and Sciences, Cornell University Multimedia Quantum Computation Course - PDF, 170+ Pages (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Quantum Computation" Course Lectures include "...Chapter 1: Fundamental Properties of Cbits and Qbits; Chapter 3: Breaking RSA Encryption with a Quantum Computer: Shor’s Factoring Algorithm; Chapter 5: Quantum Error Correction; etc..." For more information see N. David Mermin's Home Page or the Department of Physics QUANTUM COMPUTATION COURSES - Centre for Quantum Information and Foundations (Formerly: Centre for Quantum Computation), Oxford University, U.K. Multimedia Quantum Courses (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Quantum Computation Courses, Lectures, etc." include Examples of "Introduction to Quantum Computation" Course Chapters include "...Quantum Logic Gates; Quantum Networks; Quantum Entanglement; Decoherence; Selected Quantum Algorithms; Elements of Computational Complexity; Quantum Error Correction; Fault Tolerant Quantum Computation; etc..." Examples of "Control of Quantum Systems" Course Chapters include "...Why Quantum Control; Control System Models; Open-loop, Closed-loop and Learning Approaches to Control; Controllability and Control System Identification..." For more information see the Centre for Quantum Information and Foundations (Formerly: Centre for Quantum Computation) or Qubit.org

GRADUATE: QUBITS, QUANTUM COMPUTATION, QUANTUM INFORMATION, ETC. COURSES Graduate Courses & Lectures with Videos/Movies & Sound QUANTUM INFORMATION - REVIEW - 9/2010 (PHYS 635) (FLASH, WINDOWS MEDIA PLAYER, PDF, ETC.) - Daniel Gottesman, Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada Multimedia Quantum Information - Review Course, September 2010 (Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Quantum Information - Review Course, September 2010 Includes over "14" Lectures. For more information see Daniel Gottesman's Home Page or the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics QUANTUM COMPUTATION LECTURES (WINDOWS MEDIA PLAYER) - David Deutsch, Centre for Quantum Information and Foundations (Formerly: Centre for Quantum Computation), Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford University, U.K.; Hosted by Quiprocone Network of Excellence and HP Laboratories, Bristol Multimedia Quantum Computation Course (Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Quantum Computation" Course Video Lectures include The Qubit Video Lecture "...Introducing quantum theory, the quantum theory of computation, physical systems, observations, and the simplest quantum physical system, the qubit..." Interference Video Lecture "...Performing and analysing a single-photon interference experiment..." Measurement Video Lecture "...How to analyse pairs of interacting quantum systems..." The Schroedinger Picture Video Lecture "...Introducing the Schroedinger Picture, density matrices, state vectors, pure states and the Schroedinger equation..." A Quantum Algorithm Video Lecture "...The Deutsch Algorithm and how it works..." Grover's Search Algorithm Video Lecture "...How to use quantum computation to search through N possibilities in a time proportional to the square root of N..." For more information see Video Lectures; Centre for Quantum Information and Foundations (Formerly: Centre for Quantum Computation) or Qubit.org or Quibit QUANTUM ERROR CORRECTION (FLASH, WINDOWS MEDIA PLAYER, PDF, ETC.) - Daniel Gottesman, Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada Multimedia Quantum Error Correction Course (Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Quantum Error Correction" Course Lectures include "...Lecture 1: Administrative introduction, quantum operations, examples of quantum channels, etc; Lecture 3: Finite field GF(4), stabilizer codes as GF(4) codes, perfect quantum codes, definition of Clifford group, etc; Lecture 5: Generators of symplectic group, quantum Gilbert-Varshamov bound, quantum Hamming bound, etc.; Lecture 9: Circuit assumptions for fault tolerance re-examined (other universal gate sets, local gates, fresh ancillas, etc; etc..." For more information see Daniel Gottesman's Home Page or the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics QUANTUM COMPUTER CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS JQUANTUM - QUANTUM COMPUTER SIMULATION (JAVA APPLET) - Andreas de Vries, jQuantum, Fachbereich Technische Betriebswirtschaft, Germany VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Quantum Computer Calculator "...simulates a quantum computer. You can design quantum circuits with it and let them run. The current state of the quantum register is illustrated..." For more information see jQuantum QUANTUM COMPUTATION APPLET - J. Wasserman, Henry A. Rowland Department of Physics & Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Quantum Computation Applet "...demonstrates some of the basic concepts of quantum computation. Quantum information theory makes use of qubits, or Quantum Bits. Qubits,..." Quantum Computation Calculator INPUT Values include: Select One of the Following "...PauliX; PauliY; PauliZ; Hadamard; Phase (S) or Pi/8 (T)..." Viewing Angle "...Alpha 296; Beta 178; Gamma 153..." Quibit Theta 0; Phi 0; Phase 0; Qubit Theta 180; Phi 0; Phase 0; etc. For more information see Virtual Quantum Mechanics or the Henry A. Rowland Department of Physics & Astronomy QUANTUM COMPUTER SIMULATION (JAVA APPLETS) - J.A. Vaccaro, Centre for Quantum Dynamics, School of Science, Faculty of Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia Multimedia Interactive Simulations with Tutorials (Text, Images & Simulations). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Quantum Computer Simulation "...demonstrates the basic principles on which quantum computers are based: superposition and interference. The superposition principle allows may operations to occur simultaneously..." For more information see John A. Vaccaro's Home Page; Centre for Quantum Dynamics or Griffith University TELEPORTATION CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS TELEPORTATION APPLET - Takashi Yamanoue, Kagoshima University, Japan In English & Japanese Teleportation Applet: "...is constructed by the user (you) at the object editor, on the upper part of the applet. The object is made of cubical parts. If the teleportation button is clicked, the information of the object is sent to the virtual factory(receiver) on the lower part of the applet. The identical object is constructed..."

Relativity GENERAL RELATIVITY, DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY, DIFFERENTIABLE MANIFOLDS, SEMI-RIEMANN GEOMETRY AND GENERAL RELATIVITY, ETC. COURSES, TEXTBOOKS, LECTURES, ETC. RELATIVITY (EINSTEIN LIGHT) - Author: Joe Wolfe, Multimedia Design: George Hatsidimitris, Laboratories in Waves and Sound: John Smith, Department of Environmental and Applied Physics, School of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia Multimedia Relativity Lectures (Text, Images, Animations, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound). VERY EXTENSIVE. Relativity Lectures (Einstein Light) include "...Galileo: Mechanics & Relativity; Maxwell: Electricity & Magnestism; Einstein: Relativity & Constant c; Time Dilation; E = mc2; Beyond Relativity..." For more information see Joe Wolfe's Educational Pages; Joe Wolfe's Home Page; Department of Environmental and Applied Physics; School of Physics or the Faculty of Science INTRODUCTION TO DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY AND GENERAL RELATIVITY - S. Waner (Emeritus), Department of Mathematics, Hofstra University Multimedia Differential Geometry and General Relativity Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Introduction to Differential Geometry and General Relativity" Course Chapters include "...Smooth Manifolds and Scalar Fields; Contravariant and Covariant Vector Fields; Riemannian Manifolds; Covariant Differentiation; Geodesics and Local Inertial Frames; The Riemann Curvature Tensor; The Stress Tensor and the Relativistic Stress-Energy Tensor; Three Basic Premises of General Relativity; etc..." For more information see Online Utilities & Software - Calculators; Finite Mathematics & Applied Calculus Resource Page; Stefan Waner's Home Page; Department of Mathematics or Hofstra University DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY - VOLUME I: CURVES & SURFACES AND VOLUME II: MANIFOLDS - M. Ghomi, School of Mathematics, Georgia Institute of Technology Multimedia Differential Geometry - Volume II: Manifolds Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Differential Geometry - Volume I: Curves and Surfaces" Course Lectures include "...Definition of curves, examples, reparametrizations, length, Cauchy's integral formula, curves of constant width; General definition of curvature using polygonal approximations (Fox-Milnor's theorem); Osculating circle, Kneser's Nesting Theorem, total curvature, convex curves; Torsion, Frenet-Seret frame, helices, spherical curves; Intrinsic metric and isometries of surfaces, Gauss's Theorema Egregium, Brioschi's formula for Gaussian curvature; The definition of geodesic curvature, and the proof that it is intrinsic; etc..." Examples of "Differential Geometry - Volume II: Manifolds" Course Lectures include Immersions and Embeddings. Proof of the embeddibility of comapct manifolds in Euclidean space; Definition of differential structures and smooth mappings between manifolds; Proofs of the inverse function theorem and the rank theorem; Proof of Whitney's 2n+1 embedding theorem; Various definitions of orientability and the proof of their equivalence. Proof of the nonorientability of the Mobius strip and the nonembeddability of the real projective plane in R3. Proof that RPn is oreintable for n odd and is not orientable for n even; Definition of a Riemannian metric, and examples of Riemannian manifolds, including quotients of isometry groups and the hyperbolic space. The notion of distance on a Riemannian manifold and proof of the equivalence of the metric topology of a Riemannian manifold with its original topology; Riemannian connections, brackets, proof of the fundamental theorem of Riemannian geometry, induced connection on Riemannian submanifolds, reparameterizations and speed of geodesics, geodesics of the Poincare's upper half plane; Exponential map and geodesic flow; etc..." For more information see Differential Geometry I Home Page; Courses; Mohammad Ghomi's Home Page or the School of Mathematics GENERAL RELATIVITY LECTURE NOTES - Matthias Blau, Gravity and String Theory Group, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics - Institute for Theoretical Physics, Université de Neuchâtel, Switzerland Multimedia General Relativity Course Lecture Notes - PDF - 229 Pages (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "General Relativity" Course Chapters include "...The Physics and Geometry of Geodesics; Tensor Algebra; Physics in a Gravitational Field; The Lie Derivative, Symmetries and Killing Vectors; The Schwarzschild Metric; Particle and Photon Orbits in the Schwarzschild Geometry; Linearised Gravity and Gravitational Waves; Kaluza-Klein Theory; etc..." For more information see Matthias Blau's Lecture Notes; Matthias Blau's Home Page; Gravity and String Theory Group or the Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics - Institute for Theoretical Physics DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY (MA3429) - D.R. Wilkins, School of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Ireland Multimedia Differential Geometry Course - PDF, 206 Pages (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Differential Geometry" Course Parts & Sections include Part I (PDF, 63 Pages) "...Topological Spaces and Smooth Manifolds; Tangent Spaces and Derivatives; Submanifolds of Smooth Manifolds; etc..." Part II (PDF, 77 Pages) "...Tensors and Multilinear Algebra; Vector Bundles; Vector Fields, Lie Brackets and Flows..." Part III (PDF, 72 Pages) "...Connections, Curvature, and Torsion; Riemannian and Pseudo-Riemannian Manifolds; etc..." For more information see Courses & Lecture Notes; David R. Wilkins Home Page or the School of Mathematics ADVANCED GENERAL RELATIVITY - E. Poisson, Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada Multimedia Advanced General Relativity Course (Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound). Advanced General Relativity Course includes "...over "14" Video Lectures..." For more information see the Perimeter Institute Recorded Seminar Archive (PIRSA) or the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics GEOMETRY OF MANIFOLDS - Denis Auroux, Department of Mathematics, & the MIT OpenCourseWare, MIT Multimedia Geometry of Manifolds Graduate Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Geometry of Manifolds Course "...The main emphasis is on the geometry of symplectic manifolds, but the material also includes long digressions into complex geometry and the geometry of 4-manifolds, with special emphasis on topological considerations..." Examples from over "22" "Geometry of Manifolds" Course Lectures include "...Symplectic vector fields, flux; isotopy and deformation equivalence; Moser's theorem; Darboux's theorem; More Floer homology; almost-complex structures; compatibility with a symplectic structure; polar decomposition; compatible triple; Horizontal distributions; metric connections; curvature of a connection: Intrinsic definition; expression in terms of connection 1-form; Nijenhuis tensor; integrability; square of the dbar operator; Newlander-Nirenberg theorem; Kähler manifolds; complex projective space; Symplectic fibrations; Thurston's construction of symplectic forms; symplectic Lefschetz fibrations, Gompf and Donaldson theorems; Symplectic branched covers of symplectic 4-manifolds; etc..." For more information see Geometry of Manifolds Home Page; Denis Auroux's Home Page; Mathematics Courses; MIT OpenCourseWare or the Department of Mathematics GEOMETRY OF MANIFOLDS - T. Mrowka, Department of Mathematics, & the MIT OpenCourseWare, MIT Multimedia Geometry of Manifolds Graduate Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Geometry of Manifolds Course is "...analyzes topics such as the differentiable manifolds and vector fields and forms. It also makes an introduction to Lie groups, the de Rham theorem, and Riemannian manifolds..." Examples of "Geometry of Manifolds" Graduate Course Lectures include "...Smooth Maps and the Notion of Equivalence; Vector Bundles and the Differential: New Vector Bundles from Old; Vector Bundles and the Differential: The Tangent Bundle; Sard's Theorem; Stratified Spaces; Smale's Sard Theorem; etc..." For more information see Geometry of Manifolds Home Page; Tomasz Mrowka's Home Page; Mathematics Courses; MIT OpenCourseWare or the Department of Mathematics SEMI-RIEMANN GEOMETRY AND GENERAL RELATIVITY - S. Sternberg, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University Multimedia Semiriemannian Geometry Course (Book) - PDF, 251 Pages (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Click on "Semi-Riemann Geometry and General Relativity". Examples of "Semi-Riemann Geometry and General Relativity" Course (Book) Chapters include "...The Principle Curvatures; Rules of Calculus; Levi-Civita Connections; The bundle of frames; Connections on principal bundles; Gauss’s lemma; Special relativity; Die Grundlagen der Physik; Submersions; Petrov types; etc..." For more information see Shlomo Sternberg's Home Page; Shlomo Sternberg's Faculty Home Page or the Department of Mathematics RELATIVITY CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS THE RELATIVITY CALCULATOR - J.T. Mitchell, PHENIX Experimental Group, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) VERY EXTENSIVE. Relativity Calculator "...calculates physical properties at relativistic speeds. You input the speed of the object, its mass, length, and clock time, and the calculator will automatically calculate what the object will look like to you..." For more information see Relativistic; Jeffery Mitchell's RHIClets; Jeffery Thomas Mitchell's Home Page; PHENIX Software Page; PHENIX Experimental Group; Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) or the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) RELATIVITY APPLET - T. Tao, Analysis Group, Department of Mathematics, Division of Physical Sciences, College of Letters and Science, UCLA VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Relativity Calculator Options include: "...An Inertial Reference Frame; An Inertial Object of Zero Length; A Non-inertial Object of Zero Length; A Inertial Object of Non-zero Length; A Light Ray or An Event..." For more information see Applets; Terence Tao's Home Page; Analysis Group or the Department of Mathematics RELATIVISTIC ACCELERATION CALCULATORS & APPLETS - TIME DILATION CONSTANT PROPER-ACCELERATION CALCULATOR - P. Fraundorf, Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Missouri, St. Louis VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Constant Proper-Acceleration Calculator "...provides students with quantitative tools for dealing with time dilation, relativistic acceleration, and even curved space-time..." For more information see One-Frame Views of Unidirectional Motion; Phil Fraundorf's Home Page or the Department of Physics & Astronomy

GENERAL RELATIVITY LESSONS, CALCULATORS, APPLETS & ANIMATIONS SPECIAL RELATIVITY LESSONS, CALCULATORS, APPLETS & ANIMATIONS GENERAL RELATIVIEY & SPECIAL RELATIVITY - C.R. Nave, Department of Physics & Astronomy, College of Arts & Sciences, Georgia State University VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Multimedia General Relativity & Special Relativity Course (Text, Images, Simulations & Calculators). For more information see HyperPhysics; Carl Rod Nave's Home Page or the Department of Physics & Astronomy SPECIAL RELATIVITY (JAVA APPLET) - Physics 1, Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology (CIT) VERY EXTENSIVE. Special Relativity Calcaultor "...demonstrates some physical effects of Einstein's Special Relativity..." Special Relativity Calculator Options include: "...Experiment 1: Perpendicular Rods; Experiment 2: Flying Clocks; Experiment 3: A Light Clock; Experiment 4: Moving Michelson-Morley; Experiment 5: Barn & Ladder Paradox; Experiment 6: Car Headlight Experiment;..." For more information see Physics 1 Applet Page or Physics 1b (Analytical): Special Relativity and Electromagnetism

TENSOR CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS TENSOR COMPONENTS ON CURVED SPACETIMES CALCULATORS & APPLETS GRTENSOR II DEMONSTRATIONS - P. Musgrave, Astronomy Research Group, Department of Physics, Engineering Physics & Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. GRTensorII "...a computer algebra package for performing calculations in the general area of differential geometry. Its purpose is the calculation of tensor components on curved spacetimes specified in terms of a metric or set of basis vectors..." Demonstrations of GRTensorII currently available are in the areas of: "...General Relativity & Geometry; Black Hole Perturbations; The GRJunction Package & Engineering Applications.." For more information see GRTensor II or the Department of Physics, Engineering Physics & Astronomy Scattering, Absorption & Extinction SCATTERING, ABSORPTION & EXTINCTION RELATED CENTERS FOR SCATTERING, ABSORPTION & EXTINCTION DATABASES SEE PHYSICS DATABASES SCATTERING, ABSORPTION AND EXTINCTION EFFIEIENCIES CALCULATORS & APPLETS MIECALC: FREELY CONFIGURABLE PROGRAM FOR LIGHT SCATTERING CALCULATIONS (MIE THEORY) (JAVA APPLET) - B. Michel, Scientific Consulting, Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Germany) VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. MieCalc Calculator Calculates "...optical cross-sections, efficiencies, angular scattering properties as functions of freely selectable parameters..." MieCalc Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Refractive Index of the Medium (refmed); Imaginary Part of the Refractive Index of the Particle (refim); Wavelength in Vacuum (lambda); Diameter of the Particle (d); etc..." For more information see Optics Online or Simuloptics GmbH

Sensors & Devices SENSORS & DEVICES RELATED CENTERS FOR RELATED COURSES, LECTURES, TEXTBOOKS, CALCULATORS, ETC SEE THE ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING CENTER & COMPUTER ENGINEERING CENTER SENSOR CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS TEMPERATURE CONTROL CALCULATORS & APPLETS TEMPERATURE CONTROL/REGELUNG (JAVA APPLETS) - R. Moros, Institut für Technische Chemie, Universität Leipzig VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Temperature Control Applets include: "...Charakterisierung der Regelstrecke; Berechnung der Reglerparameter; Test der Regelung..." For more information see Institut für Technische Chemie, Universität Leipzig TEMPERATURE SENSOR CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS RTD CALCULATOR (RESISTANCE TEMPERATURE DETECTORS CALCULATOR) - Capgo Pty Ltd Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs) "...rely on the predictable and repeatable phenomena of the electrical resistance of metals changing with temperature..." Resistance Temperature Detector Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD) Resistance; Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD) Resistance at 0 Degrees C.; Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD) Type; Temperature Units; Temperature..." For more information see Introduction to RTDs; Temperature; Online Resources or Capgo SENSOR CALCULATORS - Minco Products, Inc. VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Sensor Calculators "...Online table generator for RTD's, thermocouples, and temperature sensitive heaters..." Sensor Calculators include RTD Calculator "...Calculate temperature and resistance tables for Minco's RTD Elements..." Heater Calculator "...Calculate temperature and resistance tables for Minco's wire-wound..." Thermocouple Calculator "...Calculate temperature and milivolt tables for Thermocouples based on..." For more information see Support & Tools or Minco Products THERMISTOR CALCULATOR (JAVA APPLET) - Capgo Pty Ltd VERY EXTENSIVE. Thermistor Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Temperature Unit; Temperature; Calibration Points or Thermistors Constants; Resistance;..." For more information see Thermistor Temperature Sensors; Introduction to Temperature Measurement; Temperature; Online Resources or Capgo THERMOCOUPLE CALCULATOR (JAVA APPLET) - Capgo Pty Ltd VERY EXTENSIVE. Thermocouple Calculator "...will compute the temperature to 0.1° C given the reference junction temperature, the measured thermocouple voltage and the thermocouple type..." For more information see Temperature; Online Resources or Capgo ZERO BALANCE CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS ZERO BALANCE CALCULATOR - FUTEK Advanced Sensor Technology, Inc. Zero Balance Calculator "...is used to determine the value of a resistor that, when places in parallel with the bridge, will balance the sensor's zero..." Zero Balance Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Bridge Resistance; Excitation; Zero Value..." For more information see FUTEK Online Calculators or FUTEK Advanced Sensor Technology, Inc. Examples of other Sensor Calculators include Shunt Calibration Calculator Shunt Calibration Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Bridge Resistance; Desired Output..." Span Adjustment Calculator Span Adjustment Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Actual Output; Desired Output; Resistance (Excitation Leg)..." Spectroscopy SPECTROSCOPY RELATED CENTERS FOR MORE SPECTROSCOPY COURSES, LECTURES, CALCULATORS, DATABASES, ETC. SEE THE CHEMISTRY CENTER: SPECTROSCOPY EXAMPLES OF SPECTROSCOPY DATABASE, CALCULATORS & APPLETS MOLECULAR SPECTRAL DATABASE: DIATOMIC, TRIATOMIC & HYDROCARBON SPECTRAL DATABASES - National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Multimedia Molecular Spectral Databases (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Molecular Spectral Databases include the "...Diatomic Spectral Database; Triatomic Spectral Database & the Hydrocarbon Spectral Database..." "...Each of the databases covers primarily the microwave region with some data available for the radio frequency region..." "...Rotational spectral lines for 121 diatomic molecules, 55 triatomic molecules, and 91 hydrocarbon molecules have been tabulated. The isotopic molecular species, assigned quantum numbers, observed frequency, estimated measurement uncertainty, and reference are given..." For more information see Molecular Spectroscopic Data; Physical Reference Data or the Physical Measurement Laboratory X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY (XPS) DATABASE - C.D. Wagner, A.V. Naumkin, A. Kraut-Vass, J.W. Allison, C.J. Powell, J.R. Rumble Jr., National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Multimedia NIST X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. NIST X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database "...contains over 22,000 line positions, chemical shifts, doublet splittings, and energy separations of photoelectron and Auger-electron lines..." For more information see Chemistry Databases; NIST Databases Indexed by Discipline; Standard Reference Data (SDR) or the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) SPECTROSCOPY TOOLS: 1H-WIZZARD (CHEMICAL SHIFTS): IR-WIZZARD (WAVE NUMBER); MS-WIZZARD (FRAGMENT OR LOSS MASS); ETC.. - Steffen's Science & Fun, Germany VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Spectroscopy Courses include: "...Applications of 1H NMR Spectroscopy..." Spectroscopy Calculators include: "...1H-Wizard; IR-Wizard; MS-Wizard; Enhanced IR-Wizard (more than 2000 entries)..." Spectroscopy Databases & Calculators include: 1H chemical shifts; 15N chemical shifts; 31P chemical shifts; NMR- Solvents; J(H,H)- Couplings; 13C chemical shifts Calculator; 17O chemical shifts; 13C chemical shift; etc..." For more information see Steffen's Science & Fun

Sports Physics: Auto Racing, Baseball, Billiards & Pool, Football, Rowing, Surfing AUTO RACING COURSES, LECTURES, CALCULATORS, ANIMATIONS, VIDEOS, ETC. THE PHYSICS OF MOTORSPORT - R.G. Brower, Department of Physics, University of Durham, U.K. Multimedia Physics of Motorsport Course (Text & Images). Physics of Motorsport Course "...looks at the physics involved in designing and driving fast racing cars. It will concentrate mainly on four wheeled, petrol driven vehicles, but the same physical problems apply to all kinds of vehicles..." Examples of "Physics of Motorsport" Course Chapters include "...Power or Torque?; The Straights; The Racing Line; Skids and Why they Happen; etc..." For more information see Physics of Motorsport Homepage; Richard Bower's Personal Home Page; Richard Bower's Faculty Home Page or the Department of Physics PHYSICS OF RACING - Articles written by: Brian Beckman (1991); Converted to HYML by Robert Keller; Hosted by: Miata.net, a service of Eunos Communications LLC. Multimedia Physics of Auto Racing Course (Text & Images). Examples from over "23" "Physics of Racing" Course Chapters include "...Weight Transfer; Keeping Your Tires Stuck to the Ground; Basic Calculations; There Is No Such Thing as Centrifugal Force; Introduction to the Racing Line; Speed and Horsepower; The Traction Budget; Simulating Car Dynamics with a Computer Program; Straights; etc..." For more information see On the Track - Motorsport! BASEBALL COURSES, LECTURES, CALCULATORS, ANIMATIONS, VIDEOS, ETC. PHYSICS AND ACOUSTICS OF BASEBALL & SOFTBALL BATS (QUICKTIME) - D.A. Russell, Graduate Program in Acoustics, The Graduate School at Penn State & the College of Engineering, Pennsylvania State University Multimedia Physics and Acoustics of Baseball and Softball Bats Lessons (Text, Images, Animations & Videos/Movies). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Physics and Acoustics of Baseball and Softball Bats "...There is a tremendous amount of physics and engineering that goes into the design of a baseball or softball bat, especially the new high-tech aluminum and composite bats which are currently dominating the market. There is also an amazing amount of physics involved in the bat-ball collision, and in the performance and behavior of the bat itself..." Examples of "Physics and Acoustics of Baseball and Softball Bats" Lessons include "...What happens when ball meets bat?; How large are the forces between bat and ball?; How does bat weight affect swing speed and ball velocity?; Which matters more: total weight or mass distribution (inertia)?; What is the COP (center of percussion) and does it matter?; What (and where) is the sweet spot of a bat?; etc..." For more information see Acoustics & Vibrations; Daniel A. Russell's Home Page; Graduate Program in Acoustics; The Graduate School or the College of Engineering THE PHYSICS OF BASEBALL - A.M. Nathan, Nuclear Physics Group, Department of Physics, College of Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Multimedia Physics of Baseball Courses & Lectures (Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "The Physics of Baseball" Courses & Lectures include "...The Physics of Baseball; The Effect of Spin on the Flight of a Baseball; The Physics of the Trampoline Effect in Baseball and Softball Bats; How to Hit Home Runs: Optimum Baseball Bat Swing Parameters for Maximum Range Trajectories; Paradoxical popups: Why are they hard to catch?; Newton in the Batter's Box; Baseball at High Altitude; etc..." For more information see Alan M. Nathan's Home Page; Nuclear Physics Group or the Department of Physics CURVEBALL: EXPERT VERSION - Glenn Research Center, NASA VERY VERY VERY...VEXTENSIVE. CurveBall: Expert Version "...The expert version includes the effects of aerodynamic drag and weight on the flight of the ball. The resulting flight path is three dimensional, so you must specify some additional parameters not found on the student version. You can also view the results of the pitch from behind home plate..." For more information see Aeronautics; Beginner's Guide to Aeronautics or the Glenn Research Center Other Baseball Calculators & Simulations include CurveBall: Student Version CurveBall: Student Version "...With this software you can investigate how a big league pitcher throws a curveball by changing the values of the factors that affect the aerodynamic forces on the ball..." Ideal Lift of a Spinning Ball Calculator Ideal Lift of a Spinning Ball Calculator "...All that is necessary to create lift is to turn a flow of air. The airfoil of a wing turns a flow, and so does a rotating cylinder. A spinning ball also turns a flow and generates an aerodynamic lift force. The details of how a spinning ball creates lift are fairly complex. Next to any surface, the molecules of the air stick to the surface, as discussed in the properties of air slide. This thin layer of molecules entrains or pulls the..." Curveball Trajectory Calculator Curveball Trajectory Calculator "...As the force acts on the ball, it is deflected along its flight path. If we neglect the viscous forces on the ball, which slow it down and change the magnitude and direction of the force, we have a constant force always acting perpendicular (at a right angle) to the flow direction..." BILLIARDS & POOL COURSES, LECTURES, CALCULATORS, ANIMATIONS, VIDEOS, ETC. Billiards and Pool Videos BILLIARDS AND POOL HIGH-SPEED (SUPER SLOW MOTION) VIDEOS (WINDOWS MEDIA PLAYER) - David G. Alciatore, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Colorado State University Multimedia Billiards and Pool High-speed (super slow motion) Video Clips (Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Includes over "200" Billiards and Pool High-speed Video Demonstrations in the following Subject Categories, etc. "...Executing Basic Shots Videos; Spin and English Videos; Bank and Kick Shots Videos; Advanced Techniques (Shot Making) Videos; Additional clips not referenced in the book "...Side-English cue-tip reaction for a very large offset, slow speed, double-hit miscue shot Video; Kick shot perpendicular to the rail with English Video; Draw shot with small offset, firm grip, punch stroke, slow speed, and about 1.5 feet of draw Video; Cut shot with outside English and slow speed Video; Two frozen object balls hit with a 15-degree approach angle stop shot at slow and fast speeds Video; English and squirt for a soft tip at slow speed and increasing offsets Video; Power break - cue follow-through Video; Rail cut-shot hitting the ball first early with OE; etc..." For more information see D. Dave's Pool and Billiards Resources; Principles of Pool and Billiards; Colorado State University Video Demonstrations; David G. Alciatore's Home Page or the Department of Mechanical Engineering BILLIARDS AND POOL NORMAL SPEED VIDEOS (WINDOWS MEDIA PLAYER) - David G. Alciatore, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Colorado State University Multimedia Billiards and Pool Normal Speed Video Clips (Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Includes over "125" Normal Speed Billiards and Pool Video Demonstrations in the following Subject Categories, etc. "...Executing Basic Shots Videos; Spin and English Videos; Position Play and Strategy Videos; Bank and Kick Shots Videos; Advanced Techniques (Shot Making) Videos; Additional clips not referenced in the book "...End-of-game frozen rail cut shot offensive option Video; Double-kiss bank shot examples with Tom Ross Video; Draw shots near a rail, with Tom Ross; Cue ball position control with nearly straight-in shots Video; Cue ball path speed effects Video; etc..." For more information see D. Dave's Pool and Billiards Resources; Principles of Pool and Billiards; Colorado State University Video Demonstrations; David G. Alciatore's Home Page or the Department of Mechanical Engineering Billiards and Pool Courses, Lectures, etc. BILLIARDS AND POOL TECHNICAL ANALYSES - David G. Alciatore, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Colorado State University Multimedia Billiards and Pool Technical Analyses (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Billiards and Pool Technical Analyses" Chapters & Lessons include Executing Basic Shots; Spin and English; Bank and Kick Shots; Additional Proofs "...The Effects of Ball Inelasticity and Friction on the 90 Degress Rule; The Effects of English on the 30 Degress Rule; Cue accelerometer measurements; The relationship between cue ball spin and cue tip offset; The effect of spin, speed, and cut angle on draw shots; The physics of squirt; Draw shot physics; etc..." For more information see D. Dave's Pool and Billiards Resources; Principles of Pool and Billiards; Colorado State University Video Demonstrations; David G. Alciatore's Home Page or the Department of Mechanical Engineering THE PHYSICS OF BILLIARDS - Jim Loy Multimedia The Physics of Billiards Lessons (Text & Images). VERY EXTENSIVE. Examples of "The Physics of Billiards" Lessons include "...The Physics of Billiards; Bank or Cut?; Kicks and Banks; etc..." For more information see Jim Loy's Billiards/Pool Page or Jim Loy's Home Page Billiards Simulations HAPSTICK: HIGH FIDELITY HAPTIC SIMLATION FOR BILLIARDS - Virtual Reality Laboratory, University of Buffalo, The State University of New York Multimedia HAPSTICK: High Fidelity Haptic Simulation for Billiards (Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound). HAPSTICK: High Fidelity Haptic Simulation for Billiards "...A billiards game with realistic physics was implemented in C++ and OpenGL. The game incorporated some user assists such as line of sight etc, complete haptics integration from the device and auditory feedback..." For more information see Virtual Reality Laboratory FOOTBALL PHYSICS COURSES, LECTURES, CALCULATORS, ANIMATIONS, VIDEOS, ETC. FOOTBALL PHYSICS (QUICKTIME) - T.J. Gay, THE Gay Group, Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Nebraska Multimedia Football Physics Course (Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Football Physics "...basic physics concepts that play an important role in the game of football..." Examples from over "18" "Football Physics" Course Video Lectures include "...Inertia Video Lecture; Vectors Video Lecture; Newton's Third Law Video Lecture; Impulse Video Lecture; Atoms and Photons Video Lecture; Quickness, Speed, Power and Strength Video Lecture; Momentum Video Lecture; Punting Video Lecture; Symmetry Video Lecture; Distribution of Force Video Lecture; Energy Consumption Video Lecture; Tackling Video Lecture; Kinematics Video Lecture; Advanced Momentum Video Lecture; Turf Physics Video Lecture; etc..." For more information see The Gay Group Home Page or the Department of Physics & Astronomy ROWING PHYSICS COURSES, LECTURES, CALCULATORS, ANIMATIONS, VIDEOS, ETC. PHYSICS OF ROWING - A. Dudhia, Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics, University of Oxford, U.K. Multimedia Physics of Rowing Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Physics of Rowing "...A boat accelerates through the action/reaction principle (Newton's 3rd Law). You move water one way with your oar, the boat moves the other way. The momentum (=mass x velocity) you put into the water will be equal and opposite to the momentum acquired by the boat...During the normal stroke (i.e. with the boat already moving) it is less obvious that water is moved backwards in order to keep the boat moving forwards since the blades appear to 'lock' in where they are placed, but..." Examples of "Physics of Rowing" Course Chapters & Subchapters include Basic Physics of Rowing "...Propulsion; Resistance; Kinetic Energy; Centre of Mass; Speed Variation; Balance; Levers; Gearing; Newton's Laws of Motion..." Physics of Weight & Rowing "...Relationship between Power and Weight; Relationship between Weight and Erg Speed; Relationship between Weight and Boat Speed; Effect of Deadweight; etc..." Physics of Ergometers "...Mechanics of Rotating Bodies; Power Dissipation; Changing the Damping; Measuring the Damping; Measuring the Power Supplied; Effect of Altitude; etc..." For more information see Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics, University of Oxford, U.K. SURFING COURSES, LECTURES, CALCULATORS, ANIMATIONS, VIDEOS, ETC. PHYSICS OF SURFING (QUICKTIME) - David Sandwell, Satellite Geodesy, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego Multimedia Physics of Surfing Course (Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Physics of Surfing" Course Lectures include "...Oceanography - Waves and Water Dynamics; Wave generation, propagation; Wave refraction; Energetics of surfing; Fluid mechanics of a surfboard; Where the Swell Begins; etc..." For more information see David T. Sandwell's Home Page or Satellite Geodesy SWELL ARRIVAL CALCULATOR & GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCE CALCULATOR - StormSurf VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Great Circle Distance Calculator & Swell Arrival Calculator "...calculates the Great Circle distance between any two points on the planet (in nautical miles) or determine how long it will take a swell to travel to your beach..." For more information see Surf Forecast Tutorials or StormSurf

Statistical Mechanics STATISTICAL MECHANICS COURSES, LECTURES & TEXTBOOKS Statistical Mechanics Textbooks STATISTICAL MECHANICS: ENTROPY, ORDER PARAMETERS, AND COMPLEXITY (PDF) - James P. Sethna, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Department of Physics, Cornell University & Published by Claredon Press, Oxford, 2008 Multimedia Statistical Mechanics: Entropy, Order Parameters, and Complexity Textbook - 371 Pages (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Click on PDF. Statistical Mechanics: Entropy, Order Parameters, and Complexity "...This text is careful to address the interests and back ground not only of physicists, but of sophisticated students and researchers in mathematics, biology, engineering, computer science, and the social sciences...." Examples of "Statistical Mechanics: Entropy, Order Parameters, and Complexity" Textbook Chapters include "...What is statistical mechanics?; Temperature and equilibrium; Entropy; Free energies; Quantum statistical mechanics; Order parameters, broken symmetry, and topology; Abrupt phase transitions; etc..." For more information see James P. Sethna's Home Page; Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics or the Department of Physics Statistical Mechanics Courses & Lectures INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICAL MECHANICS (ME 334) - W. Cai, Mechanics and Computation Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Stanford University Multimedia Introduction to Statistical Mechanics (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Introduction to Statistical Mechanics "...The main theme of this course is how the laws at the macroscale (thermodynamics) can be obtained by analyzing the spontaneous fluctuations at the microscale (dynamics of molecules)..." Examples of "Introduction to Statistical Mechanics" Lectures include "...Diffusion; Probability; Classical Mechanics; Microcanonical Ensemble; Thermodynamics Entropy; NPT and Grand Canonical Ensembles; Applications to Solids; etc..." For more information see Wei Cai's Home Page; Wei Cai's Faculty Home Page; Mechanics and Computation Group or the Department of Mechanical Engineering THERMODYNAMICS AND STATISTICAL MECHANICS - D. Arovas, Department of Physics, Division of Physical Sciences, University of California, San Diego Multimedia Lecture Notes on Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics - PDF, 485 Pages (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics" Course Chapters include "...Thermodynamics; Statistical Ensembles; Noninteracting Quantum Systems; Interacting Systems; Mean Field Theory of Phase Transitions; Nonequilibrium Phenomena; etc..." For more information see Daniel P. Arovas' Faculty Home Page; Condensed Matter Research; Research Groups or the Department of Physics ADVANCED STATISTICAL MECHANICS (PHYSICS 220) - L. Balents, Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara Multimedia Advanced Statistical Mechanics (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Advanced Statistical Mechanics" Course Lectures include "...Quantum Ising model; Critical phenomena. Scaling. Continuum field theory; Monte Carlo; Finish Coldea experiment. Begin frustrated magnets and ice; Spin ice. Spin liquid and correlations; Finish spin ice. Begin order by disorder; Quantum critical points in metals - introduction; Hertz theory. Upper critical dimension; etc..." For more information see Advanced Statistical Mechanics Home Page; Teaching; Balents Group; Leon Balents Faculty Home Page or the Department of Physics ADVANCED STATISTICAL MECHANICS - STATISTICAL MECHANICS II - Mark E. Tuckerman, Department of Chemistry and the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University Multimedia Advanced Statistical Mechanics - Statistical Mechanics II Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples from over "18" "Advanced Statistical Mechanics - Statistical Mechanics II" Course Lectures include "...Estimators, energy fluctuations, the isothermal-isobaric ensemble; Characterizing the structure of liquids; Perturbation theory and the van der Waals equation; Discretized and continuous path integrals; Expansion about the classical path and stationary phase; Calculation of spectra from perturbation theory; etc..." For more information see Mark E. Tuckerman's Home Page; Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences or the Department of Chemistry String Theory STRING THEORY COURSES, LECTURES & TEXTBOOKS STRING THEORY FOR UNDERGRADUATES - B. Zwiebach & A. Guth, Department of Physics & the MIT OpenCourseWare, MIT Multimedia String Theory for Undergraduates Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. String Theory for Undergraduates Course "...Since string theory is quantum mechanics of a relativistic string, the foundations of the subject can be explained to students exposed to both special relativity and basic quantum mechanics. This course develops the aspects of string theory and makes it accessible to students familiar with basic electromagnetism and statistical mechanics..." Examples from over "24" "String Theory for Undergraduates" Course Lectures include "...Relativistic Electrodynamics, Gauss' Law, Gravitation and Planck's Length; Nonrelativistic Strings and Lagrangian Mechanics; Area Formula for Spatial Surfaces; Relativistic Strings: Nambu-Goto Action, Equations of Motion and Boundary Conditions; Solution of the Open String Motion in the Light-cone Gaug; Closed Strings; etc..." For more information see Department of Physics; Physics Courses or the MIT OpenCourseWare

Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics for Students, Engineers & Scientists Courses, Lectures, Textbooks, Tools, etc. Thermochemical - Thermochemistry Thermodynamics & Thermophysical Properties Binary Phase Equilibria ~ Chemical Equilibrium with Applications (CEA) Thermodynamics of Enzyme-Catalyzed Reactions Heat Conduction, Heat Transfer & Thermal ~ Inorganic Chemical Thermodynamics Liquid Helium Thermodynamic Properties ~ Psychrometric Statistical Thermodynamics ~ Thermal Gas-Phase & Chemical Reactions Thermobarometry Thermodynamics of the Internal Combustion Engine

Thermodynamics THERMODYNAMICS COURSES, TEXTBOOKS, CALCULATORS, TOOLS, ETC. FOR STUDENTS, ENGINEERS & SCIENTISTS Thermodynamics Courses & Textbooks THERMODYNAMICS - Z.S. Spakovszky, E.M. Greitzer, D. Quattrochi, & I.A. Waitz, MIT Gas Turbine Laboratory, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, MIT Multimedia Thermodynamics Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Thermodynamics "...is a science and, more importantly, an engineering tool used to describe processes that involve changes in temperature, transformation of energy, and the relationships between heat and work..." Examples of "Thermodynamics" Course Chapters include "...Introduction to Thermodynamics; The First Law of Thermodynamics; The First Law Applied to Engineering Cycles; Background to the Second Law of Thermodynamics; The Second Law of Thermodynamics; Applications of the Second Law; Entropy on the Microscopic Scale; Power Cycles with Two-Phase Media; Introduction to Propulsion; Integral Momentum Equation; Generating Heat: Thermochemistry; Conductive Heat Transfer; Convective Heat Transfer; etc..." For more information see Unified Engineering; Zoltan S. Spakovszky's Home Page; MIT Gas Turbine Laboratory or the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics THERMAL PHYSICS (STATISTICS AND THERMODYNAMICS) - M. Gershenson, Department of Physics and Astronomy, School of Arts & Sciences, Rutgers University, the State University of New Jersey Multimedia Thermal Physics (Statistics and Thermodynamics) Course (Text & Images). Examples of "Thermal Physics (Statistics and Thermodynamics)" Course Lectures include "...Introduction, Temperature, Ideal Gas; Energy and Work, the 1st Law of Thermodynamics; Transport Phenomena; Macrostates and Microstates; Entropy and the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics; Entropy and Temperature; Heat Engines; Thermodynamic Potentials; The van der Waals Gas; Phase Transformations in Binary Mixtures; Chemical Equilibrium; Boltzmann Statistics; Canonical Ensembles; Degenerate Fermi Gas; Bose-Einstein Condensation; Debye Theory of Solids; etc..." For more information see Thermal Physics (Statistics and Thermodynamics); Gershenson Lab: Mesoscopic Physics and Quantum Computing; Michael Gershenson's Home Page or the Department of Physics and Astronomy FUNDAMENTALS OF THERMODYNAMICS - J. Karl Johnson, Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh Multimedia Fundamentals of Thermodynamics Courses (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Fundamentals of Thermodynamics" Course Lectures include "...Variables, Gibbs Phase Rule, and Laws of Thermodynamics; Gibbsien Equations; Legendre Transforms; Introduction to Statistical Mechanics; Statistics & Ensembles; Classical & Semi-classical Partition Functions; Chemical Equilibrium Constants and Nonideal Behavior; Virial Coefficients, Equations of State, and the Pair Correlation Function; Conformal Solutions Theory and Generalized Cubic EOS; etc..." For more information see the Johnson Group; J. Karl Johnson's Faculty Home Page or the Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering THERMODYNAMICS AND STATISTICAL MECHANICS - D. Arovas, Department of Physics, Division of Physical Sciences, University of California, San Diego Multimedia Lecture Notes on Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics - PDF, 485 Pages (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics" Course Chapters include "...Thermodynamics; Statistical Ensembles; Noninteracting Quantum Systems; Interacting Systems; Mean Field Theory of Phase Transitions; Nonequilibrium Phenomena; etc..." For more information see Daniel P. Arovas' Faculty Home Page; Condensed Matter Research; Research Groups or the Department of Physics THERMODYNAMICS & STATISTICAL MECHANICS - R. Fitzpatrick, Department of Physics, College of Natural Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, Texas Multimedia Thermodynamics & Statistical Mechanics Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Thermodynamics "...Thermodynamics is essentially the study of the internal motions of many body systems. Virtually all substances which we encounter in everyday life are many body systems of some sort or other (e.g., solids, liquids, gases, and light). Not surprisingly, therefore, thermodynamics is a discipline with an exceptionally wide range of applicability..." Examples of "Thermodynamics & Statistical Mechanics" Course Chapters include "...Probability Theory; Statistical Mechanics; Heat and Work; Statistical Thermodynamics; Classical Thermodynamics; Applications of Statistical Thermodynamics; Quantum Statistics; etc..." For more information see the Thermodynamics & Statistical Mechanics Course Home Page; Courses taught by Richard Fitzpatrick at UT Austin; Richard Fitzpatrick's Home Page; Richard Fitzpatrick's Faculty Home Page or the Department of Physics Thermodynamics Lessons, Tools, Calculators, Applets, Simulations THE EXPERT SYSTEM FOR THERMODYNAMICS (TEST) - S. Bhattacharjee, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, San Diego State University VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. The Expert System for Thermodynamics "...Created for learning, teaching, and practicing thermodynamics, TEST offers analysis tools for property evaluation of hundreds of working substances, energy, entropy, and exergy analysis of open and closed systems, IC engines, gas and vapor power cycles, refrigeration, HVAC, combustion, chemical equilibrium, and gas dynamics..." For more information see the Department of Mechanical Engineering THE THERMAL WIZARD - MAYA Heat Transfer Technologies Limited, Montreal, Québec, Canada Multimedia Thermal Database & Thermal Calculators (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Thermal Wizard "...is developed and maintained by MAYA Heat Transfer Technologies in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. We hope you find it is a useful tool to help you understand common heat transfer problems and thermal phenomena. Although we try and test the tools to ensure quality, this tool is provided for your personal use..." Thermal Wizard includes: Material Properties Database "...Metals; Non-metals; Air; Gases; Water; Liquids; etc..." Conduction Calculators examples include "...Steady-state Conduction on Multilayer Isothermal Wall Calculator; Conduction Across Multilayered Isothermal Cylinder Calculator; Thermal Interface (Contact) Resistance and Temperature Difference Calculator; Rectangular Thin Plate Embedded in Semi-Infinite Medium Calculator; etc..." Convection Calculators examples include: "...Forced Convection on Isothermal Flat Plate in Free Stream Calculator; Forced Convection in the Fully Developed Region of a Duct Calculator; Forced Convection Across Isothermal Square Rod Calculator; Natural Convection in a Vertical Parallel Plate Channel Calculator; Natural Convection between Horizontal Concentric Cylinders Calculator; etc..." Radiation Calculators examples include: "...Radiation Between Parallel Rectangular Surfaces Calculator; Radiation between Parallel Disk Surfaces of Unequal Radius Calculator; etc..." Head Loss Coefficients Calculators examples include: "...Head Loss at a Duct Entrance Calculator; Head Loss Across a Thin Perforated Plate Calculator; Head Loss Across Louvers Calculator; etc..." For more information see MAYA Heat Transfer Technologies Limited

THERMOCHEMICAL DATABASES & THERMOCHEMISTRY DATABASES Thermochemistry THERMOCHEMISTRY DATABASE FOR HIGH-TEMP MATERIALS SYNTHESIS - Authors: M.D. Allendorf (Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore) & T.M. Besmann (Oak Ridge National Laboratory), Hosted by Sandia National Laboratories Multimedia Thermochemistry Database for High-Temp Materiasl Synthesis (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Thermochemistry Database for High-Temp Materiasl Synthesis "...provides thermochemistry for gas-phase and condensed species relevant to a wide range of high-temperature processes, including chemical vapor deposition (CVD), chemical vapor infiltration (CVI), catalysis, combustion, materials corrosion, and aerosol processing..." "...includes thermodynamic data (heats of formation, enthalpies, entropies, and heat capacities) for gas and condensed-phase species, thermodynamic models for specific condensed-phase material systems that account for non-ideal behavior in those systems, and..." For more information see Sandia National Laboratories Examples of "High-Temp Materiasl Synthesis" Databases include Gas-Phase Molecule Search Condensed-Phase Data Selection Thermochemical COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY COMPARISON AND BENCHMARK DATABASE (CCCBDB) - CALCULATED DATA - Computational Chemistry, Chemical Informatics Research Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Multimedia Thermochemical Database (Text, Images, Calculations, etc...). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Computational Chemistry Comparison and Benchmark Database contains "...experimental and computational thermochemical data for a selected set of 631 gas-phase molecules. Tools for comparing experimental and computational ideal-gas thermochemical properties..." Computational Chemistry Comparison and Benchmark Calculated Data includes: Geometric Calculated Data "...Cartesians, bond lengths and angles; Rotation and Moments of Inertia; Bond orders from AIM analysis; Point Group for a given molecule at different levels of theory; etc..." Vibrations Calculated Data "...Vibrational frequencies; Vibrational frequencies, intensities and reduced masses; Compare reduced masses for a given vibrational mode; Bad Vibrational Frequency calculations; etc..." Entropies Calculated Data Entropies and Integrated Heat Capacities at any temperature using calculated data; etc..." Energetics Calculated Data Energies in hartrees; Barriers to Internal Rotation; Nuclear repulsion Energies; etc..." Electrostatics Calculated Data Atomic charges; Electric dipole moments; Polarizabilities; etc..." Compare Calculations "...Compare calculated bond lengths bond lengths; Compare calculated vibrational intensities vibrations; Compare energy difference of a single point calculation; Calculated properties for several species; etc..." For more information see the Computational Chemistry Comparison and Benchmarks Database; Computational Chemistry; Chemical Informatics Research Group; Chemical Sciences Division or the Material Measurement Laboratory THERMOCHEMICAL DATABASE OF GASES AND CONDENSED MATERIALS - National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Japan Multimedia Thermochemical Database (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Available in English & Japanese. Thermochemical Database of Gases and Condensed Materials "...presents information on shock compression, detonation properties in gases and condensed matter using thermodynamic data of initial density, enthalpy, heat of formation, chemical formula, etc..." For more information see Research Information Data Base or the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Thermochemical Databases include Combustion Properties on Flammable Gaseous Mixtures "...Combustion and explosion of ideal gases, mist and dust are calculated..." Explosive Hazards of Condensed Materials "...calculates detonation, explosion and explosive hazards..." Shock Wave Data of Condensed Media THERMO CHEMICAL PROPERTIES ESTIMATION (APPLETS & HTML5) - GuanHua Chen, Department of Chemistry, University of Hong Kong, & Pirika.com VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Chemistry or Pirika.com: Java, HTML5 & Chemistry Site Some examples from over "20" Thermo Chemical Properties Estimation Calculators include How to use Joback Properties Estimation Method Calculator Vapor Pressure: Riedel Equation, Vapor Pressure Estimation Calculator Solubility Parameter: Fedors Method, Estimation of Solubility Parameter Calculator THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES DATABASES, CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES DATABASES, CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS COMPUTATIONAL THERMODYNAMICS SERVER: COBRA MELTS, COBRA GEOTHERM, COBRA PHASE PROPERTIES - R.O. Sack, D. Ebel, M.S. Ghiorso, L. Hardy & P. Lichtner, OFM Research Inc., Computational Thermodynamics Server, OFM Research Inc. VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Computational Thermodynamics" Applets, Databases, etc. include MELTS Applet "...This applet accesses the MELTS CORBA server at OFM Research Inc. It allows the user to perform simulations of crystallization and assimilation in magmatic systems under various evolution scenarios, such as adiabatic decompression melting, fractional crystallization, etc..." Geothermometer Applet "...This applet is a pre-alpha release GUI prototype of a user configurable geothermometer. Once completed. theapplet will permit on-the-fly creation of mineral geothermometers by allowing the user to select among internally consistent thermodynamic models for phases, mixing and matching endmembers, until univariant reactions are..." Phase Properties Applet "...This applet accesses the "phase properties" CORBA server at OFM Research Inc. It allows the user to select a phase, optionally input its composition, convert between practical and thermodynamic components, and..." For more information see the Computational Thermodynamics Server or OFM Research Inc. THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF FLUID SYSTEMS (JAVA APPLETS) - National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Thermophysical Properties of Fluid Systems Calculator INPUT Values include: Species of Interest "...Water; Nitrogen; Hydrogen; Parahydrogen; Deuterium; Oxygen, Fluorine; Carbon monoxide; Carbon dioxide; Dinitrogen Monoxide; Deuterium oxide; Methanol; Methane; Ethane; Ethene; Propane; Propene; Propyne; Cyclopropane; Butane; etc..." Units "...Temperature; Pressure; Denstiy; Energy; Velocity; Viscosity; Surface Tension..." Type of Data "...Isothermal Properties; Isobaric Properties; Isochoric Properties; Saturation Properties..." Thermophysical Properties of Fluid Systems Calculator OUTPUT values include: Fluid Data; Auxiliary Data "...Internal Energy; Entropy; Critical Temperature; Critical Pressure; Critical Density; Acentric Factor; Normal Boiling Point; Dipole Moment..." etc. For more information see Chemistry WebBook; NIST WebBook; Standard Reference Data (SDR) or the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) THERMODYNAMICS CALCULATORS - Quest Consultants Inc. VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of Thermodynamics Calculators include Thermodynamic Diagrams Calculator "...allows one to select a pure component or a mixture of components and produce a graph of pressure vs. volume with lines of constant temperature. A second graph is pressure vs. enthalpy with lines of constant temperature..." Thermodynamic Properties Calculator (with Final Pressure Other Than One Atmosphere) "...allows one to select a pure component or a mixture of components and determine the vapor-liquid split (if two-phase), the liquid and vapor densities, enthalpies, heat capacities, and compositions at an input temperature and pressure..." Thermodynamic Properties Calculator (for Light Hydrocarbons) "...designed to allow users to select a pure component or a mixture of components and determine the vapor-liquid split (if two-phase), the liquid and vapor densities, enthalpies, heat capacities, and compositions at an input temperature and pressure..." Dew Points and Bubble Points Calculator "...allows one to select a pure component or a mixture of components and calculate dew points and bubble points. This page is uses the Peng-Robinson equation of state to predict the properties of these mixtures..." For more information see Quest Consultants Inc.

BINARY PHASE EQUILIBRIA DATABASES, CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ETC. BINARY PHASE EQUILIBRIA APPLET - P.D. Asimow, Experimental Petrology Group, Geological and Planetary Sciences Division, California Institute of Technology (Caltech) VERY EXTENSIVE. Binary Phase Calculator "...provides a representation of phase stability relationships in abinary system with up to 4 phases...&...will compute and display the G-X diagram in the panel at upper-right and isobaric and isothermal sections in the lower panels..." For more information see Binary Phase Equilibria Tutorial; Paul D. Asimow's Home Page or the Geological and Planetary Sciences Division CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM WITH APPLICATIONS (CEA) DATABASES, CALCULATORS & APPLETS CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM WITH APPLICATIONS (CEA) - Glenn Research Center, NASA VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Chemical Equilibrium with Applications (CEA) "...is a program which calculates chemical equilibrium product concentrations from any set of reactants and determines thermodynamic and transport properties for the product mixture. Built-in applications include calculation of theoretical rocket performance, Chapman-Jouguet detonation parameters, shock tube parameters, and combustion properties..." "...Associated with the program are independent databases with transport and thermodynamic properties of individual species. Over 2000 species are contained in the thermodynamic database..." Thermo Build "...developed for use with computer programs that require standard state thermodynamic properties of individual species..." CAP (Coefficients And Properties) "...generates tables of thermodynamic functions for individual species from thermodynamic data in the NASA format..." PAC (Properties And Coefficients) "...is used to prepare input thermodynamic data in the format required by CEA, from gas-phase spectroscopic constants or tabulated literature data..." For more information see Glenn Research Center THERMODYNAMICS OF ENZYME-CATALYZED REACTIONS DATABASES, CALCULATORS & APPLETS THERMODYNAMICS OF ENZYME-CATALYZED REACTIONS DATABASE - R.N. Goldberg, Y.B. Tewari, & M. Tung, Biocatalysis Program, Biospectroscopy Group, Biochemical Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Multimedia Thermodynamics of Enzyme-Catalyzed Reactions Database (Text & Images). Thermodynamics of Enzyme-Catalyzed Reactions "...play an important role in the prediction of the extent of reaction and the position of equilibrium for any process in which these reactions occur..." "...The data presented herein is limited to direct equilibrium and calorimetric measurements performed on these reactions under in vitro conditions. This is the principal thermodynamic information that is needed to determine the position of equilibrium of a given reaction..." Examples of "Enzyme Catalyzed Reactions" using predefined values include "...Reactant; Buffer; Enzyme; EC-Number; Method; pH; Cofactor; Evaluation; etc..." For more information see Thermophysical and Thermochemical; Standard Reference Data (SDR) or the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) HEAT TRANSFER COURSES, LECTURES, MANUALS, TEXTBOOKS, ETC. HEAT CONDUCTION CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS HEAT TRANSFER CALCULATORS, APPLETS & SPREADSHEETS (XLS) THERMAL CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS Heat Transfer Courses, Lectures, Textbooks, etc. HEAT TRANSFER TEXTBOOK - J.H. Lienhard IV (University of Houston) & J.H. Lienhard V (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology) Multimedia Heat Transfer Textbook - PDF, 762 Pages (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Heat Transfer" Textbook Chapters include "...Introduction; Heat Conduction Concepts, Thermal Resistance, and the Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient; Heat Exchanger Design; Analysis of Heat Conduction and some Steady One-dimensional Problems; Transient and Multidimensional Heat Conduction; Laminar and Turbulent Boundary Layers; Forced Convection in a Variety of Configurations; Heat Transfer in Boiling and other Phase-change Configurations; Radiative Heat Transfer; An Introduction to Mass Transfer; etc. For more information see John H. Lienhard V Home Page or the Department of Mechanical Engineering Heat Conduction Calculators, Applets, Simulations, etc. CONDUCTION APPLET (ALUMINUM, CARBON STEEL, COPPER, NICKEL STEEL, STAINLESS STEEL ETC.) - B. Willson & G. Hutcherson, Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory (EELC), Department of Mechanical Engingeering, College of Engingeering, Colorado State University Conduction Calculator INPUT Values include: Materials "...Aluminum; Carbon Steel; Copper; Cast Iron; Nickel Steel; Stainless Steel; etc..." Thickness; Temperature..." For more information see Internal Combustion Engine Heat Transfer; Engine Web Pages; Bryan D. Willson's Home Page; Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory (EELC); Department of Mechanical Engingeering or the College of Engingeering Heat Transfer Calculators, Spreadsheets (xls), Models, etc. HEAT TRANSFER MODELS CALCULATORS - MICROELECTRONICS HEAT TRANSFER CALCULATORS - Microelectronics Heat Transfer Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Some examples from over "7" Microelectronics Heat Transfer Calculators include "...Circuit Boards: Effective Conductivity Model for Rectangular Heat Sources Calculator; Fluid Properties: Thermal Fluid Properties Calculator; Heat Sinks: Natural Convection for Rectangular Heat Sinks Calculator; Special Functions Calculator Calculates special mathematical functions, including Gaussian error and complementary error functions, gamma functions, and Bessel functions of integer or fractional order, etc. Spreading Resistance Calculators Spreading Resistance of a Circular Source on a Circular Disk with Edge Cooling Calculator; Spreading Resistance of Rectangular Disk with Edge Cooling Calculator; etc..." For more information see the Microelectronics Heat Transfer Laboratory SPREADSHEETS FOR HEAT TRANSFER (SPREADSHEETS OPEN ONLINE WITH EXCEL, iWORK-NUMBERS, IBM LOTUS SYMPHONY, NEOOFFICE, OPENOFFICE CALC, ETC.) - R.J. Ribando, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering & Applied Science, University of Virginia VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples from over "20" Heat Transfer Spreadsheets include: Two-Dimensional, Steady-State Conduction Calculator "...evaluates the analytical solution for steady-state conduction in a unit square with one boundary held at a different temperature than the other three and..." Planck's Law Calculator "...computes and displays the spectral blackbody emissive power for a number of source temperatures..." Radiation View Factors Calculators include: "...Perpendicular Plates Calculator; Coaxial Disks Calculator; Coaxial Cylinders Calculator; Parallel Rectangles Calculator..." Solution of Blasius Equation Calculator "...performs a numerical solution of the Blasius equation for flow in a laminar, self-similar, flat plate boundary layer. The Runge-Kutta integration scheme and shooting algorithm..." Internal-Flow Convection Correlations Calculator "...computes the Nusselt number for forced convection in a circular pipe as a function of the Reynolds (based on diameter) and Prandtl numbers..." One-Dimensional Compressible Flows Calculator "...includes worksheets for: (1) Isentropic flow with area change, (2) Normal shock functions, (3) Flow with friction (Fanno Line), and (4) Flow with heat addition (Rayleigh Line)..." For more information see Heat Transfer Tools: Educational Software for Heat and Mass Transfer; Robert J. Ribando's Home Page; Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering or the School of Engineering & Applied Science Thermal Calculators, Applets, Simulations, Models, etc. THERMAL CALCULATORS (THERMAL RESISTANCE, HEAT CONDUCTION, FIN EFFICIENCY, ETC.) - Novel Concepts, Inc., Las Vegas, NV VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Novel Concepts Some examples from over "8" Thermal Calculators include Cylinder Thermal Resistance Calculator Cylinder Thermal Resistance Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Radius; Height; Thermal Conductivity..." Slab Mass Thermal Resistance Calculator Slab Mass Thermal Resistance Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Width; Length; Height; Density; Specific Heat..." Pin Fin Efficiency Calculator Pin Fin Efficiency Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Radius; Height; Thermal Conductivity; Film Coefficient..."

INORGANIC CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS DATABASES, CALCULATORS, ETC. FACT - FACILITY FOR THE ANALYSIS OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS - C.W. Bale, Centre de Recherche en Calcul Thermochimique - Center for Research in Computational Thermochemistry (CRCT), École Polytechnique de Montréal, Canada VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. For more information see the Centre de Recherche en Calcul Thermochimique - Center for Research in Computational Thermochemistry (CRCT) Examples of "Facility for the Analysis of Chemical Thermodynamics (FACT)" Sections include Fact-Web Examples of "Fact-Web" include Reaction-Web - Properties of Species or Chemical Reaction "...Reaction calculates changes in extensive thermochemical functions (H, G, V, S, Cp, A) for a species, a group of species, or a chemical reaction..." "...Select the units, specify a temperature range and enter a chemical reaction - Up to 2 reactants and 2 products may be entered..." "...If the reaction is unbalanced (and contains no charged ions), Reaction-Web attempts to balance it before computing the properties..." Predom-Web - One-metal Isothermal Predominance Area Diagram "...generates an isothermal predominance area diagram that shows which possible compound phases are most stable over the specified ranges of the axes...." EpH-Web - One-metal Eh vs pH Pourbaix Diagram "... generates one-metal isothermal Eh vs. pH (Pourbaix) diagram for various concentrations (m) of solutes in a dilute aqueous phase..." Facility for the Analysis of Chemical Thermodynamics - Databases Examples of "FACT, FactSage & SGTE Databases" include "...FACT Oxide Database; FACT Database for Hall Aluminum Process; FACT Light Metal Alloy Databases; FactSage Lead Alloy Database; FactSage Steel Alloy Database; SGTE Solder Alloy Database; etc..." Facility for the Analysis of Chemical Thermodynamics - Phase Diagrams Examples of "Phase Diagrams" include "...Binary SGTE Alloy Phase Diagrams; Binary Noble Metal Phase Diagrams; Binary Copper Phase Diagrams; Binary Lead Phase Diagrams; Nuclear Binary and Ternary Phase Diagrams; Aluminium Pproduction Phase Diagrams; Pulp and Paper Phase Diagrams; etc..." FACTSAGE: SOFTWARE - C.W. Bale, Centre de Recherche en Calcul Thermochimique - Center for Research in Computational Thermochemistry (CRCT), École Polytechnique de Montréal, Canada VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. FactSage "...users have access to databases of thermodynamic data for thousands of compounds as well as to evaluated and optimized databases for hundreds of solutions of metals, liquid and solid oxide solutions, mattes, molten and solid salt solutions, aqueous solutions, etc..." With FactSage "...you can calculate the conditions for multiphase, multicomponent equilibria, with a wide variety of tabular and graphical output modes, under a large range of constraints. For example, general N-component phase diagram sections can be easily generated with a wide choice of axis variables; matte/metal/slag/gas/solid equilibria can be accurately calculated, tabulated and plotted for industrial systems; multicomponent predominance and EpH diagrams..." For more information see the Centre de Recherche en Calcul Thermochimique - Center for Research in Computational Thermochemistry (CRCT) LIQUID HELIUM THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES CALCULATORS & APPLETS HELIUM 3 CALCULATOR (JAVA APPLET) - T. Haard, Low Temperature Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Helium 3 Calculator is "...based on the complete thermodynamic information in zero magnetic field calculated from D.S. Greywall..." Helium 3 Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Pressure Fixed or Range; Field Fixed or Range; etc..." For more information see Low Temperature Lab PSYCHROMETRIC CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS PSYCHROMETRIC CALCULATOR (METRIC & ENGLISH) - G. Monachos, Monachos Engineering, Thessloniki, Hellas (Greece) Psychrometric Calculator Calculates "...psychrometric data either by entering the wet bulb temperature, the relative humidity or the dew point temperature..." Psychrometric Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Dry Bulb Temperature; Wet Bulb Temperature; Dew Point Temperature..." For more information see Calculators; Monachos Engineering (English Index) or Monachos Engineering PSYCHROMETRIC CALCULATOR - Sugar Engineers' Library, South Africa Psychrometric Calculator INPUT Values include "...Dry Bulb Temperature; Wet Bulb Temperature; Relative Humidity; Dew Point Temperature & Altitude..." For more information see Sitemap or Sugar Engineers' Library

STATISTICAL THERMODYNAMICS CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS CALCULATION OF THE COEXISTENCE LINE WITH EQUATIONS OF STATE - T. Kraska, Theoretische Physikalische Chemie (Theoretical Physical Chemistry), Universität zu Köln (University of Cologne), Cologne, Germany VERY EXTENSIVE. Calculation of the Coexistence Line with Equations of State "...you can calculate the coexistence line of the liquid-vapour equilibrium with the van der Waals equation of state or the Carnahan-Starling-van der Waals equation of state..." Calculation of the Coexistence Line with Equations of State INPUT Values include: "...Equation of State; Substance Name; Calculation of a and b from; etc..." For more information see The Carnahan-Starling-van der Waals equation of state; Statistical Thermodynamics; Thomas Kraska's Home Page or the Department für Chemie: Theoretische Physikalische Chemie STATISTICAL THERMODYNAMICS (JAVA APPLETS) - T. Kraska, Theoretische Physikalische Chemie (Theoretical Physical Chemistry), Universität zu Köln (University of Cologne), Cologne, Germany VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Thomas Kraska's Home Page or the Department für Chemie: Theoretische Physikalische Chemie Some examples from over "7" Statistical Thermodynamics Applets include Calculation of a Distillation Column "...number of plates which are necessecary for a certain separation problem can be calculated..." Distillation Column Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Mixture; Mole Fraction of the Feed; Mole Fraction of the Bottom Product; Mole Fraction of the Overhead Product; Relux Rate; Type of Feed; Amount of Feed..." Calculation of a PT-diagram with the CSvdW Equation of State Calculation of a PT-diagram with the CSvdW Equation of State "...you can run a program which calculates PT projections of binary phase diagrams with the Carnahan-Starling-van der Waals equation of state. The program calculates the vapour pressure curves of both substances and the binary critical lines..." THERMAL GAS-PHASE CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS CHEMICAL REACTIONS DATABASES, CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ETC. CHEMICAL KINETICS DATABASE - National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Multimedia Chemical Kinetics Database (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Chemical Kinetics Database "...includes essentially all reported kinetics results for thermal gas-phase chemical reactions. The database is designed to be searched for kinetics data based on the specific reactants involved, for reactions resulting in specified products, for all the reactions of a particular species, or for various combinations of these..." Chemical Kinetics Database "...contains in excess of 38,000 separate reaction records for over 11,700 distinct reactant pairs..." For more information see Standard Reference Data (SDR) or the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) CHEMICAL KINETICS DATABASE ON OXYGENATED VOC'S GAS-PHASE REACTIONS - Institut de Combustion Aérothermique Réactivité et Environment (ICARE), CNRS, Orléans, France Multimedia Chemical Kinetics Database on Oxygenated VOC's Gas Phase Reactions (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Chemical Kinetics Database on Oxygenated VOC's Gas Phase Reactions includes "...Saturated Oxygenates Compounds; Unsaturated Oxygenates Compounds; Nitrogen Containing Oxygenates Compounds; etc..." For more information see Institut de Combustion Aérothermique Réactivité et Environment (ICARE) EVALUATED KINETIC DATA - IUPAC Subcommittee for Gas Kinetic Data Evaluation, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) Multimedia Kinetic Databases (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Evaluated Kinetic Data "...provides kinetic and photochemical data evaluated by the IUPAC Subcommittee for Gas Kinetic Data Evaluation..." Evaluated Kinetic Databases include Data sheets for gas-phase reactions of Ox, HOx, NOx, SOx, organic, halogenated inorganic and halogenated organic species; Data sheets for photolysis reactions of Ox, HOx, NOx, SOx and organic species; Data sheets for hetereogeneous reactions on solids; Data sheets for hetereogeneous reactions on liquids..." For more information see International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) NDRL/NIST SOLUTION KINETICS DATABASE - National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Multimedia Solutions Kinetics Database (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. NDRL/NIST Solution Kinetics Database "...presently contains 23,675 distinct records with a total of 29,141 rate constants..." "...Enter the reactant(s), product(s), and/or solvent(s) in the fields below. Compounds may be entered by formula, name, or CAS number..." For more information see Chemical Kinetics Database on the Web; Physical Reference Data or the Physical Measurement Laboratory THERMOBAROMETRY CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS GEOTHERMOBAROMETRY PAGE - THERMOBAROMETRY - G. Nichols, Department of Earth Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Geothermobarometry Page - Thermobarometry Calculators Calculate pressures and temperatures for "...garnet-spinel-sillimanite-quartz; cordierite-spinel-sillimanite-quartz; garnet-cordierite-sillimanite-quartz; garnet-spinel-kyanite-quartz..." For more information see Geoff Nichols Home Page PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF MINERAL THERMOBAROMETRY - D. Waters, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, U.K. Multimedia Mineral Thermobarometry Course, Calculators, etc. (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Practical Aspects of Mineral Thermobarometry provides "...information, tutorial material and worked examples for petrology students interested in extracting pressure-temperature information from rocks. It is assumed that you have completed a typical undergraduate petrology course..." Examples of "Mineral Thermobarometry" Course Lessons include "...Microprobe Analyses; Chemical Mineralogy of Common Mineral Groups; Solid solutions, mixing models and activity calculations; etc..." THERMOCALC "...is a thermodynamic calculation software package for tackling mineral equilibria problems. It has two main components: the application itself, and the internally-consistent thermodynamic dataset it uses..." For more information see Dave Waters Home Page or the Department of Earth Sciences THERMODYNAMICS OF THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE CALCULATORS & APPLETS INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE THERMODYNAMIC OUTLINE - B. Willson & G. Hutcherson, Engines & Energy Conversion Laboratory (EELC), Department of Mechanical Engingeering, College of Engingeering, Colorado State University Multimedia Course with Applets (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Internal Combustion Engine Thermodynamics Calculators Categories include: Engine Parameters "...Slider Crank Model; Work..." Combustion "...Stoichiometry; Chemical Equilibrium..." Engine Cycle Models "...Model of Basic Otto Cycle; Finite Heat Release Otto Cycle; Finite Heat Release Otto Cycle with Heat Transfer..." For more information see Engine Web Pages; Bryan D. Willson's Home Page; Engines and Energy Conversion Laboratory (EELC); Department of Mechanical Engingeering or the College of Engingeering Some examples from over "20" Internal Combustion Engine Thermodynamics Applets & Thermodynamics Calculators include Engine Performance Applet - Effect of Fuel Type Engine Performance Applet - Parametric Study Piston Cylinder Volume Applet Combustion Products Applet Carbon Dioxide Dissociation Applet Four Stroke Fuel Air Otto Cycle Heat Release Fraction Applet

Vacuum Pumps & Guages VACUUM CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS VACUUM PUMP CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS AVS REFERENCE GUIDE - AVS Science and Technology Society and Hosted by the American Intitute of Physics (AIP) VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see the American Intitute of Physics or the AVS Science and Technology Society Some examples from over "15" Vacuum Calculators include Refrigeration Calculator Throughput & Leak Rate Calculator Working Pressure Ranges of Vacuum Pumps Working Pressure Ranges of Vacuum Guages Optical Emission Spectral Lines by Wavelength in Nanometers Vapor Pressure Wave WAVE EQUATION CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS WAVE PHENOMENA: REFLECTION OF WAVES (JAVA APPLET) - G. Anderson, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Northwestern University For more information see The Virtual Physics Laboratory or the Department of Physics & Astronomy

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