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RADIATION - RADIOACTIVITY Radiation & Nuclear Dictionaries & Glossaries Radiation Journals Radiation, Radioactivity, Shielding, Uranium, etc. Radioisotopes & Medical Radiotherapy for Medical Applications Radiation Detectors ~ Exposure Dose Estimates ~ Gamma Radioactivity Units ~ Radiation Dosimetry ~ Radioactivity in Experiments Radioactive Decay ~ Radioactive Waste Discharge Chemistry Center Calculators On-Line Center

Radiation & Nuclear Dictionaries & Glossaries NUCLEAR DICTIONARIES & GLOSSARIES NUCLEAR GLOSSARY: THE LANGUAGE OF THE NUCLEUS - Scientific Digital Visions, Inc. Multimedia Nuclear Glossary (Text, Images & Symbols). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Language of the Nucleus "...is the largest collection of terms on the use of radiation and radioactivity. Our coverage is broad, spanning the pure research fields of low-energy nuclear physics and astrophysics, the practical fields of nuclear engineering and environmental analysis,..." For more information see Scientific Digital Visions Radiation Journals RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION JOURNALS JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION - The Society for Radiological Protection, U.K. & Published by: Institute of Physics and IOP Publishing Limited Multimedia Radiological Journal (Text & Images). For more information see The Society for Radiological Protection RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY - Oxford University Press Multimedia Radiation Protection Journal (Text & Images). For more information see Oxford Journals RADIATION SCIENCE & MEASUREMENT JOURNALS JOURNAL OF THE ICRU - Oxford University Press Multimedia Radiation Science and Measurement Journal (Text & Images). For more information see Oxford Journals Radiation, Radioactivity, Shielding, Uranium, etc. RADIATION, RADIOACTIVITY, SHIELDING, URANIUM RADIOACTIVITY OF MINERALS - Mineralogy Database, D. Barthelmy Multimedia Radioactivity of Minerals Database (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Radioactivity of Minerals Database include for each Mineral "...Estimated Radioactive Strength (ERS); Calculated Activity: Becquerel/kilogram; Calculated Activity: Curie/gram; Estimate Activity: GR(api); Estimate Activity: mRem/hr per gram..." For more information see Mineralogy Database RAD PRO CALCULATOR - Ray McGinnis VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Rad Pro Calculator "...performs many nuclear calculations that are useful to the health physicist, radiological researcher, radiochemist, radiation safety officer, health physics technician (HP) and radiation physics professional. It calculates, among other things, radiation safety units conversions (SI and US customary) and gamma emitter dose rate and activity..." Examples of Rad Pro Calculators Subject Categories include "...Dose Rate Calculators Decay Calculators Uranium Calculators; MDC/MDA Calculators; etc... Examples of Rad Pro Software includes "...Rad Pro Calculator for Desktop PCs: Version 3.10..." For more information see radprocalculator.com Some examples from over "12" Calculators include Timed Decay Calculator Timed Decay Calculator calculates "...the date that a drum of short lived waste reaches non-radioactive status, when sources reach exempt activity levels and when activated concrete is less than soil release limits, as well as other timed calculations..." Gamma Activity, Dose Rate and Shielding Calculator Gamma Activity, Dose Rate and Shielding Calculators Activity & Dose-Rate Calculator INPUT Values include "...Isotope, Dose-Rate Units; Activity Units; etc..." Shield Thickness Calculator INPUT Values include "...Shielding Material; Thickness Units; Isotope; Dose-Rate Units; etc..." Beta Emitter Dose-Rate and Activity Calculator Beta Emitter Dose-Rate and Activity Calculator "...Calculation Method; Isotope; Activity Calculation; Distance Units; etc..." Beta Emitter Bremsstrahlung Calculator Beta Emitter Bremsstrahlung Calculator INIPUT Values include "...Beta Shield Material; Shield Thickness, Isotope; X-Ray Dose-Rate Units; etc..." Decay Calculator Decay Calculator INIPUT Values include "...Select Element, Isotope & Units; Orginal Date and/or Time; etc..." Scaler, Counter and Static Frisker MDC/MDA Calculator Scaler, Counter and Static Frisker MDC/MDA Calculator INIPUT Values include "...Background; Background Count Time; Sample Count Time; Efficiency; Sample Units; Confidence Level; etc..." USERCALC: URANIUM SERIES CALCULATOR FOR MAGMA MIGRATION PROBLEMS - Mark Spiegelman, Division of Seismology, Geology, and Tectonophysics, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), The Earth Institute, Columbia University, & a Joint Appointment with the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Uranium Series Calculator for Magma Migration Problems "...calculates the concentrations and activity ratios for the two parallel Uranium Series decay chains 238U->230Th->226Ra and 235U->231Pa in a one dimensional upwelling and melting column..." The purpose of the site is to provide a tool that can spur additional collaborations between geophysicists and geochemists as well as drive more rapid exploration/evolution of U-series models..." Uranium Series Calculator for Magma Migration Problems includes "...1-D Column Models Calculator; Contour Plots Calculator; Spreadsheet Calculator..." For more information see Mark Spiegelman's Home Page; Division of Seismology, Geology, and Tectonophysics or the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) WISE URANIUM PROJECT CALCULATORS - P. Diehl, WISE Uranium Project, Arnsdorf, Germany VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. WISE Uranium Project "...offers a choice of unique JavaScript-based calculators covering the front-end of the nuclear fuel cycle. These calculators serve to make the basics of the nuclear fuel industry more transparent. Though designed for educational purposes, they are believed to be scientifically correct - to the degree achievable with limited resources. Each calculator is accompanied by a Help file, describing the calculation procedure and the parameters used, and any assumptions and simplifications made..." For more information see the WISE Uranium Project Some examples from over "32" Nuclear Fuel & Uranium Calculators include Uranium Map Generator Unit Converter (Radiation Activity, Radiation Dose, Uranium & Radon) Nuclear Fuel Chain Waste Activity Calculator Nuclear Fuel Supply Calculator Nuclear Fuel Cost Calculator Recycled Nuclear Fuel Cost Calculator Nuclear Fuel Material Balance Calculator Uranium Miner Health Risk Calculator Radioisotopes & Medical Radiotherapy for Medical Applications NUCLEAR DATA SECTION FOR MEDICAL APPLICATIONS DATABASES NUCLEAR DATA SECTION FOR MEDICAL APPLICATIONS - IAEA's Nuclear Data Center, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria Multimedia Nuclear Data Section for Medical Applications Databases (Text & Images). Nuclear Data Section for Medical Applications Databases include Diagnostic Radioisotopes Production (Cross sections for diagnostic radioisotopes production and beam monitor reactions); "...Gamma Emitters; Alpha Emitters; Monitor Reactions..." Therapeutical Radioisotopes Production (Cross sections for production of therapeutic radioisotopes); "...Established Nuclides; Emerging Nuclides..." MIRD; Medical Radiotherapy (PHSP: phase-space database for external beam radiotherapy); "...Co-60 phsp; Photon linac phsp; Electron linac phsp..." Heavy Charged-Particle Interaction; etc..." For more information see IAEA's Nuclear Data Center Radiation Detectors RADIATION DETECTION CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS CAL POLY PHYSICS DEPARTMENT'S VIRTUAL RADIATION LABORATORY (JAVA APPLETS) - P. Siegel & Applets written by: A. Cardenas, Department of Physics, California State Polytechnic University, Pamona, CA VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Java Applets; Peter Siegel's Home Page or the Department of Physics Some examples of Radiation Detection Calculators & Applets include Virtual Geiger Counter Geiger Counter Calculator INPUT Values include "...Samples (Ba137; Suc Mn54); Timer etc..." Gamma Detector for Energy Calibration and Unknown Isotope Gamma Detector with Data for Gamma Absorbtion Detector and Aluminum X-ray Absorption Data

Exposure - Dose Estimates RADIATION CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS RAIOACTIVITY CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS RADIATION EXPOSURE CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS RADIATION DOSE ESTIMATES CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS DOSE COMPLIANCE CONCENTRATIONS FOR RADIONUCLIDES CALCULATORS & APPLETS DOSE COMPLIANCE CONCENTRATIONS FOR RADIONUCLIDES CALCULATOR - Office of Superfund, EPS and Oak Ridge National Laboratory VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Dose Compliance Concentrations for Radionuclides "...Dose conversion factors (DCFs), or "dose coefficients", for a given radionuclide represent the dose equivalent per unit intake (i.e., ingestion or inhalation) or external exposure of that radionuclide. These DCFs are used to convert a radionuclide concentration in soil, air, water, or foodstuffs to a radiation dose..." Dose Compliance Concentrations for Radionuclides Calculator INPUT Values include: Landuses "...Residential Soil; Outdoor or Indoor Worker Soil; Agricultural Soil; Tapwater; Ingestion of Fish..." Units; ICRP Rule Option (30 or 60); Target Dose Limit; Radionuclides..." For more information see Dose Compliance Concentrations for Radionuclides Home Page; Risk Assessment or the Superfund ANNUAL RADIATION DOSE CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS ANNUAL RADIATION DOSE CALCULATOR - Neighborhood Environmental Watch Net (NEWNET), Los Alamos National Laboratory, (LANL) "...Information for this calculator was taken from the "Personal Radiation Dose Chart," pamphlet published by the American Nuclear Society (ANS),..." Annual Radiation Dose Calculator INPUT Values include: Cosmic Radiation "...Elevation..." Terrestrial Radiation "...U.S. Geographical Area (Atlantic Coast, Midwest, etc.); Home Construction..." Lifestyle; etc. For more information see NEWNET Interactive or Neighborhood Environmental Watch Net (NEWNET) Also available in Spanish/Español Calcule su dósis de radiación EXPOSURE IN FLIGHT CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS GALACTIC RADIATION RECEIVED IN FLIGHT - Radiobiology Research Team, Aerospace Medical Research, FAA VERY EXTENSIVE. The CARI-6 Computer Program "...calculates the effective dose of galactic cosmic radiation received by an individual (based on an anthropomorphic phantom) on an aircraft flying a great circle route (or a reasonable approximation) between any two airports in the world..." Galactic Radiation Received In Flight Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Date of Flight; Origin Code; Destination Code; Number of En Route Altitudes; Minutes to 1st En Route Altitude..." For more information see Radiobiology Research Team; Aerospace Medical Research; Aerospace Medical and Human Factors Research; Research or Education INDIVIDUAL RADIATION DOSE CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS MEDICAL PROCEDURE RADIATION DOSE CALCULATOR AND CONSENT LANGUAGE GENERATOR - M. Stabin, Vanderbilt University & RADAR VERY EXTENSIVE. Medical Procedure Radiation Dose Calculator and Consent Language Generator "...gives radiation dose estimates for certain radiographic and nuclear medicine procedures, based on literature reported values. Individual organ doses and total body effective doses are given for these specified..." Medical Procedure Radiation Dose Calculator INPUT Values include: Radiographic Procedures "...DEXA DPX-L: Spine, Femur or Whole Body Scan; Chest X-ray; Skull Radiographic; CT Head Scan; Abdominal X-ray..." Nuclear Medicine Scans "...H-3 Glucose; C-14 Urea, Normal; C-14 Urea, Heliobacter Positive; Co-57 Cyanocobalamin, IV No Carrier; Cr-51 Sodium Chromate RBC's etc..." For more information see RADAR RADON INDIVIDUAL DOSE CALCULATOR - P. Diehl, WISE Uranium Project, Arnsdorf, Germany VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. "...Calculate the radiation dose rate for an individual exposed to a known concentration of radon and its decay products..." Radon Individual Dose Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Number; Unit; Equilibrium Factor; Risk Factor; Occupancy and Dose Factor..." For more information see Calculators or the WISE Uranium Project RADIATION DOSE TO THE BREAST FROM MAMMOGRAPHY - CALCULATOR - R.E. Reiman, General Secretary, DUMC Radiation Safety Committee, Duke University Medical Center, and hosted by the Occupational & Environmental Safety Office (OESO), Duke University VERY EXTENSIVE. Radiation Dose to the Breast from Mammography Calculator (Radiation Dose Calculator) "...is intended to be a convenient reference for estimating radiation dose to glandular breast tissue from mammography, under the stated conditions..." Radiation Dose to the Breast From Mammography Calculator INPUT Values include: "...kVp; Filtration Half-Value Layer; Thickness of Compressed Breast Tissue; Glandular Fraction; Skin Entrance Exposure; Target/Filtration Combination (Molybdenum/Molybdenum, Molybdenum/Rhodium or Rhodium/Rhodium)..." For more information see Web Utilities for Radiation Safety, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; Radiation Safety or the Occupational & Environmental Safety Office (OESO) RADIATION DOSE TO THE SKIN FROM VARIOUS BETA EMITTERS CALCULATOR - R.E. Reiman, General Secretary, DUMC Radiation Safety Committee, Duke University Medical Center, and hosted by the Occupational & Environmental Safety Office (OESO), Duke University VERY EXTENSIVE. Radiation Dose to the Skin From Various Beta Emitters Calculator (Radiation Dose Calculator) "...is intended to be a convenient reference in the event of skin contamination with radioactive materials..." Radiation Dose to the Skin From Various Beta Emitters Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Select Radionuclide (Carbon 14, Flourine 18, Phosphorus 32, Sulfur 35, Iodine 31, Cobalt 60 or Cesium 137); Select Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (None, Exam Glove, Chemical Glove, Heavyweight Glove or Heavy Duty Glove); Radioactivity Concentration; Volume Spilled; Time Spill Contacted Skin or Clothing..." For more information see Web Utilities for Radiation Safety, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; Radiation Safety or the Occupational & Environmental Safety Office (OESO) RADIATION EFFECTIVE DOSE FROM CT SCANS CALCULATOR - R.E. Reiman, General Secretary, DUMC Radiation Safety Committee, Duke University Medical Center, and hosted by the Occupational & Environmental Safety Office (OESO), Duke University VERY EXTENSIVE. Radiation Effective Dose From CT Scans Calculator (Radiation Dose Calculator) "...is intended to be a convenient reference for estimating radiation effective dose to from CT, under the stated conditions..." Radiation Effective Dose From CT Scans Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Patients Mass; Type of CT Examination (Abdominal CT or Chest CT)..." For more information see Web Utilities for Radiation Safety, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; Radiation Safety or the Occupational & Environmental Safety Office (OESO) URANIUM RADIATION INDIVIDUAL DOSE CALCULATOR - P. Diehl, WISE Uranium Project, Arnsdorf, Germany VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Uranium Radiation Individual Dose Calculator "...Determine the radiation dose for an individual that is exposed to a known amount of uranium and/or its decay products. For a variety of nuclide mixes found in the nuclear fuel industry, this calculator covers ingestion, inhalation, external exposure from contaminated soil, and external exposure from a point source. Calculations can not only be performed for actual exposure situations, but also for future scenarios, taking decay and ingrowth of decay products into account..." Uranium Radiation Individual Dose Calculator INPUT Values include: Material Input "...Unit; Type (Ore, Mill Tailings, U, UCI4, etc.); Parameters (Ore Grade, Natural Uranium, Recycled Uranium, etc.); Exposure Parameters Exposure Situation (Ingestion, Inhalation, etc.); Rate (Per Day, Per Year, Per Liter Water, Ounce, etc.); Dose Factor; Decay; etc. For more information see Calculators or the WISE Uranium Project

Gamma GAMMA CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS GAMMA CALCULATOR - Radiation Geophysics, Geological Survey of Canada VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Gamma Calculator "...demonstrates the process of calculating equivalent ground concentrations of potassium (K), uranium (U) and thorium (Th) from measured raw count rates and spectrometer/system constants..." For more information see Radiation Geophysics CALCULATEUR GAMMA - Géophysique de rayonnement, Commission géologique du Canada VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Calculateur Gamma "...montre comment les concentrations équivalentes au sol de potassium (K), d'uranium (U) et de thorium (Th) sont calculées d'après les taux de comptage bruts mesurés et les constantes des spectromètres/systèmes..." For more information see Géophysique du rayonnement Radioactivity Units RADIOACTIVITY UNIT CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS RADIOACTIVITY UNIT CALCULATOR - Radiation Safety, Division of Environmental Health and Safety, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Ill Radioactivity Unit Converter Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Enter the activity and units you wish to convert; Select the unit to which you want the activity converted..." For more information see Calculators; Radiation Safety or the Division of Environmental Health and Safety Radiation Dosimetry RADIATION DOSIMETRY CALCULATORS & DATABASES STOPPING-POWER AND RANGE TABLES FOR ELECTRONS, PROTONS, AND HELIUM IONS - M.J. Berger, Ionizing Radiation Division, Physics Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Multimedia Radiation Dosimetry Databases & Calculators (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Stopping-Power and Range Tables for Electrons, Protons, and Helium Ions "...ESTAR, PSTAR, and ASTAR calculate stopping-power and range tables for electrons, protons, or helium ions, according to methods described in ICRU Reports 37 and 49. Stopping-power and range tables can be calculated for electrons in any user-specified material and for protons and helium ions in 74 materials..." For more information see Physical Reference Data or the Physics Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology Examples of Radiation Dosimetry Databases & Calculators include ESTAR "...ESTAR program calculates stopping power, density effect parameters, range, and radiation yield tables for electrons in various materials..." ASTAR "...ASTAR program calculates stopping power and range tables for helium ions in various materials..." PSTAR "...PSTAR program calculates stopping power and range tables for protons in various materials..." Radioactivity Calculations in Experiments RADIOACTIVITY CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS IN EXPERIMENTS GRAPHPAD RADIOACTIVITY CALCULATORS - H. Motulsky, GraphPad Software, Inc. VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. "...Use these calculators to perform routine radioactivity calculations for biochemical and pharmacological experiments..." Radioactivity Calculators include: "...Isotope Decay Calculator; Concentration of Stock Calculator; Dilution of Stock Calculator; Specific Activity (cpm/fmol) Calculator; Cpm to fmol/mg Calculator; Cpm to sites/cell Calculator; Cpm to nM Calculator..." For more information see Chemical and radiochemical calculators; GraphPad QuickCalcs or GraphPad Software

Radioactive Decay RADIOACTIVE DECAY DATABASES, CALCULATORS, ETC. ENDF/B-VI DECAY DATA - Group T-2, (Nuclear Theory and Applications), Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laborabory (LANL) Multimedia Radioactive Decay Database (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. ENDF/B-VI Decay Data "...provides access to interpreted listings of the ENDF/B-VI radioactive decay data..." For more information see the Data or the T-2 Nuclear Information Service DECAY RADIATION SEARCH - National Nuclear Data Center, Energy Sciences and Technology Department, Energy, Environment, and National Security Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) Multimedia Nuclear Decay Database (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. For more information see the Nuclear Data Center or the Brookhaven National Laboratory INTERACTIVE TABLE OF NUCLIDES - LIVE CHART OF NUCLIDES - International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Multimedia Interactive Table Nuclides - Live Chart of Nuclides (Text, Images & Applets). For more information see the IAEA Nuclear Data or the International Atomic Energy Agency TABLE OF NUCLIDES: NUDAT - National Nuclear Data Center, Energy Sciences and Technology Department, Energy, Environment, and National Security Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) Multimedia Nuclides Database (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Table of Nuclides: With NuDat "...it is possible to search for nuclear level properties (energy, half-life, spin-parity), gamma-ray information (energy, intensity, multipolarity, coincidences), radiation information following nuclear decay (energy, intensity, dose), and neutron-induced reaction data..." For more information see the Nuclear Data Center or the Brookhaven National Laboratory RADIOACTIVE DECAY CALCULATOR 1 OF 6 CALCULATORS (JAVASCRIPT) - UBC Radiation Safety, Department of Health, Safety and Environment, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Radioactive Decay Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Radioactive Decay; Timed Decay; Timed Solid Disposal; Disposal Limits; Unit Converter; Difference between dates, etc..." For more information see UBC Radiation Safety Home Page RADIOACTIVE DECAY CALCULATOR - Radiation Safety, Division of Environmental Health and Safety, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Ill VERY EXTENSIVE. Radioactive Decay Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Initial Activity; Radioisotope; Assay/Receipt Date; Date for Decay Correction..." For more information see Calculators; Radiation Safety or the Division of Environmental Health and Safety URANIUM DECAY CALCULATOR - P. Diehl, WISE Uranium Project, Arnsdorf, Germany VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. "...Calculate radioactive decay and ingrowth of uranium and its decay products for a variety of nuclide mixes found in the nuclear fuel industry. Covers the natural U-238 and U-235 series, and the artificial U-236 and U-232 series..." Uranium Decay Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Unit; Type (Ore, Mill Tailings, U, UCI4, etc.); Parameters (Ore Grade, Natural Uranium, Recycled Uranium, etc.)..." For more information see Calculators or the WISE Uranium Project UNIVERSAL DECAY CALCULATOR - P. Diehl, WISE Uranium Project, Arnsdorf, Germany VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. "...Calculate radioactive decay of 497 nuclides, including ingrowth and decay of their progeny..." Universal Decay Calculator INPUT Values include: Sample Data "...1 gram of pure natural uranium, no decay products present; 1 gram of natural uranium in secular equilibrium with its decay products; 1 gram of pure natural thorium *), no decay products present; etc..." Activity Unit "...Bq; kBq; MBq; mCi; Ci; etc..." Series Name; Nuclide Name; Number for Initial Activity of the Nuclide; Secular Equilibrium; etc..." For more information see Calculators or the WISE Uranium Project Radioactive Waste Discharge RADIOACTIVE WASTE DISCHARGE CALCULATORS, DATABASES, ETC. SANITARY SEWER DISCHARGE LIMITS CALCULATORS, DATABASES, ETC. SANITARY SEWER DISCHARGE LIMITS CALCULATOR - Radiation Safety, Division of Environmental Health and Safety, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Ill VERY EXTENSIVE. Sanitary Sewer Discharge Limits Calculator "...is intended to help you determine how many liters of water are needed to dispose of a given activity of a given radioisotope via the sanitary sewer system as aqueous radioactive waste..." For more information see Calculators; Radiation Safety or the Division of Environmental Health and Safety

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