Martindale's Entomology, Mycology, Lichens, Protist Center - Courses, Lectures, Lessons, Databases, Videos, etc.

MARTINDALE'S

ENTOMOLOGY, MYCOLOGY, LICHENS, PROTIST CENTER

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ENTOMOLOGY

Insects, Spiders, etc. Atlases & Databases (All Inclusive)

Pheromones Databases ~ Entomology Courses & Lectures

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) - All Inclusive (Ag Center)

IPM Crops (Ag Center) ~ IPM Animals (Vet Center)

Entomology by Species

Anachnids: Spiders & their Relatives ~ Antlions ~ Ants

Bees ~ Beetles ~ Bumblebees ~ Butterflies

Cockroach ~ Crickets, Cicadas, Grasshoppers & Katydids

Dragonfly & Damselfly ~ Drosophila/Fly ~ Mayflies ~ Mosquitoes ~ Moths

Scales ~ Scorpions ~ Stoneflies ~ Termites ~ Ticks ~ Wasps ~ Whitefly

MYCOLOGY

Mushroom Atlases & Databases

Mycology Species Atlases & Databases (All Inclusive)

Mycology Databases by Subject

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ~ Amanita ~ Basidiomycetes

Flammulina ~ Hypocreales ~ Hypomyces

Pleurotus ~ Ravenelia

Slime Mold ~ Tilletia ~ Trichoderma

Undergraduate Mycology Courses & Lectures

Medical Mycology Courses, Lectures & Databases

LICHENS

PROTIST

Protist Atlases & Databases

Marine, Freshwater & Terrestrial Algae ~ Seaweeds

Coralline Algae ~ Plasmodiophorid

ENTOMOLOGY

Insects, Spiders, etc. Atlases & Databases (All Inclusive)

BUG GUIDE - BugGuide.net, and Hosted by the Department of Entomology, Iowa State Multimedia Insects, Spiders, etc. Database (Text & Images).
BugGuide
"...Identification, Images, & Information For Insects, Spiders & Their Kin For the United States & Canada..."
"...More than just a clearinghouse for information, this site helps expand on the natural histories of our subjects. By capturing the place and time that submitted images were taken, we are creating a virtual collection that helps define where and when things might be found..."
For more information see the Department of Entomology

ENTOMOLOGY COLLECTION DATABASE - Department of Entomology; Research and Curation, The Natural History Museum, London, U.K. Multimedia Entomology Collection Database (Text & Images).
Entomology Collections
"...The collections of insects and other terrestrial and freshwater arthropods, including spiders, mites and myriapods, comprise an estimated 28 million prepared specimens. They include named representatives of about half of the more than one million described species..."
For more information see the Entomology Collections; Collections; Research and Curation or The Natural History Museum

Pheromones and Semiochemicals Databases

THE PHEROBASE: DATABASE OF PHEROMONES AND SEMIOCHEMICALS - Author: Ashraf M. El-Sayed, The Pherobase Multimedia Pherobase: Database of Pheromones and Semiochemicals (Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Molecular Structures). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE.
The Pherobase: Database of Pheromones and Semiochemicals
"...contains pheromones and semiochemicals of more than 7000 species and 3500 semiochemical compounds..."
"...A kovats retention index database for more than 8000 organic compounds in 25,000 records with literature references are listed. A floral compound database of about 2000 floral compounds and their occurrence in 1700 plant species is also listed. Another database of over 100,000 abstracts related to the Pherobase records is also included,..."
Examples of "Pherobase" Subject Categories include
"...Animal Taxa;
Control;
Semiochemicals;
Plant Taxa;
Organic Compounds;
Floral Compounds;
Synthesis;
Invasive Species; etc..."
For more information see Ashraf M. El-Sayed's Home Page

Entomology Courses & Lectures

GENERAL ENTOMOLOGY - J.R. Meyer, Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University Multimedia Entomology Course (Text & Images).
Examples of "General Entomology" Course Chapters include
Systematics and Taxonomy;
External Anatomy;
Growth and Development;
Internal Anatomy and Physiology;
Behavior;
Ecology;
Applied Entomology; etc..."
For more information see the General Entomology Home Page or the Department of Entomology

INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY & PHYSIOLOGY (FLASH) - L. Keeley, D. Lewis, Mei-Er Chen & C.A Peterson, Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University Multimedia Insect Biochemistry & Physiology Lessons (Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE.
Examples of "Insect Biochemistry & Physiology" Animations include
"...Endocrinology, Neurobiology, Muscle, Reproduction, Photoreception & Research..."
For more information see the Image Gallery or the Department of Entomology

Some examples of Insect Biochemistry & Physiology Animations include

G-Protein Signal Transduction

Gibbs-Donnan Equilibrium

Muscle Structure & Contraction

Oocyte Yolk Formation by the Fire Ant Queen: Vitellogenin Uptake by Ovaries

ENTOMOLOGY BY SPECIES

Anachnids: Spiders & their Relatives

THE WORLD SPIDER CATALOG - Norman I. Platnick, Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History Multimedia World Spider Catalog Dataase (Text & Images). For more information see the AMNH Researh Sites or the American Museum of Natural History

Antilions

THE ANTILION PIT (QUICKTIME) - M. Swanson Multimedia Antilion Lessons (Text, Images & Videos/Movies).
The Antlion Pit
"...is a collection of resources related to the fascinating antlion, or "doodlebug"..."

Ants (Formicidae)

INDEX OF ANT DATABASES - Global Ant Project (GAP) Multimedia Index of Ant (Formicidae) Databases (Text & Images). For more information see the Global Ant Project (GAP)

FIRE ANTS - Texas Imported Fire Ant Research and Management Plan, Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University Multimedia Fire Ants Lessons (Text & Images).
Examples of "Fire Ants" Lessons include
"...Fire Ants Biology;
Identification of Fire Ants;
Fire Ants Damage; etc..."
For more information see the Texas Imported Fire Ant Research and Management Plan or the Department of Entomology

Bees

Bee Glossaries

BEE GLOSSARY - Harry H. Laidlaw Jr. Honey Bee Research Facility. Department of Entomology & Nematology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis Multimedia Bee Glossary (Text & Images). For more information see Honey Bees; Harry H. Laidlaw Jr. Honey Bee Research Facility or the Department of Entomology & Nematology

Honey Bee Genome

HONEY BEE GENOME DATABASE - Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine Multimedia Honey Bee Genome Database (Text & Images).

HONEY BEE GENOME RESOURCES - National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH Multimedia Honey Bee Genome Databases, etc. (Text & Images).

DWARF HONEY BEE GENOME DATABASE - Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine Multimedia Dwarf Honey Bee Genome Database (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE.

Honey Bee Biology

BEE BIOLOGY - Mid-Atlantic Apiculture Research and Extension Consortium (MAAREC), Pennsylvania State University Multimedia Bee Biology (Text & Images). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see the Honey Bee Biology or the Mid-Atlantic Apiculture Research and Extension Consortium (MAAREC)

A SCANNING ELECTION MICROSCOPE ATLAS OF THE HONEY BEE - Eric H. Ericson, Jr., Stanley D. Carlson & Martin B. Garmen, Honey Bee Research Unit, Carl Hayden Bee Research Center, USDA, Tucson, Arizona Multimedia A Scanning Electron Microscope Atlas of the Honey Bee - PDF, 180 Pages (Text & Images).
Examples of "A Scanning Electron Microscope Atlas of the Honey Bee" Chapters include
"...The Natural History of the Honey Bees;
Micrographs of the Queen;
Micrographs of the Workers;
Micrographs of the Drones;
Major Anatomical Divisions of the Honey Bee; etc..."
For more information see Online Books; Products & Services or the Carl Hayden Bee Research Center

Beekeeping

BEEKEEPING - Mid-Atlantic Apiculture Research and Extension Consortium (MAAREC) Multimedia Beekeeping Courses, Databases, etc. (Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound).
Examples of "Beekeeping" Subject Categories & Subcategories include
Beginning Beekeeping
"...Methods of Starting;
Apiary Location;
Handling Bees;
Equipment; etc.."
Honey Bee Biology
"...The Colony and it's Organization (Queen, Drones, Workers, Laying Workers, Bee Development, etc.);
Bee Behavior; etc..."
General Management
"...Dividing Colonies;
Swarm Prevention and Control;
Transferring Bees;
Removing Bees; etc..."
Parasites, Pests, Predators & Diseases;
Pollination; etc.

BEE BRIEFS - Author: E.C. Mussen, Apiculturist, Harry H. Laidlaw Jr. Honey Bee Research Facility, Department of Entomology & Nematology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis Multimedia Bee Briefs Technical Reports (Text & Images).
Examples of "Bee Briefs" Technical Reports include
"...Robbing Screen;
Getting Started in Beekeeping;
Removing Swarms;
Queen Quality;
Feeding Bees Nectar Substitutes;
Treating Colonies for Tracheal Mite Infestation;
Treating Colonies for Varroa Mite Infestation;
Honey Bees and California Native Plants; etc..."
For more information see Eric C. Mussen's Home Page; Harry H. Laidlaw Jr. Honey Bee Research Facility or the Department of Entomology & Nematology

BEEKEEPING - Honey Bee Program, Department of Entomology, College of Agricultural & Environental Sciences, University of Georgia Multimedia Beekeeping Courses, Databases, Lessons, etc. (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE.
Examples of "Beekeeping" Subject Categories & Subcategories include
Getting Started
"...Honey Bee Biology;
Beekeeping Equipment;
How to Light a Smoker;
Buying and Moving Colonies;
Catching Swarms;
Honey Bee Management;
Processing Honey; etc..."
Pollination
"...Managing Honey Bees for Pollination;
Other Pollinating Bees;
Establishing a Bee Pasture;
Crop Pollination Requirements; etc..."
Honey Bee Disorders
"...Bacterial Diseases;
Fungal Diseases;
Viral Diseases;
Microsporidian Diseases;
Non-infectious Diseases and Pests; etc..."

For more information see Honey Bee Program or the Department of Entomology

BEEKEEPING IN TENNESSEE - Authors: John A. Skinner, et.al., Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agriculture, University of Tennessee Muultimedia Beekeeping in Tennessee Manual - PDF, 43 Pages (Text & Images). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE.
Examples of "Beekeeping in Tennessee Manual" Chapters include
"...Locating an Apiary;
Bee Biology and Behavior;
Races of Bees;
Beekeeping Protective Gear;
Hardware & Equipment;
Wooden Equipment;
Working with Honey Bee Colony;
Inspecting a Colony;
Removing Surplus Honey; etc..."
For more information see John Skinner's Publications; John Skinner's Home Page or the Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology

BEEKEEPING IN CALIFORNIA - Authors: E.C. Mussen, L. Foote, N.E. Gary, H.H. Laidlaw, R.W. Thorp & L.H. Watkins; Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources & the Cooperative Extension, University of California, Davis; University of California Publication 21422; Hosted by the: Santa Clara Valley Beekeepers Guild Multimedia Beekeeping in California - PDF, 69 Pages (Text & Images). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE.
Examples of "Beekeeping in California" Chapters include
"...The Colony;
Choosing Bees;
Choosing Equipment;
Feeding Bees;
Maintaining Genetic Stock;
Producing and Marketing Honey;
Commercial Queen Rearing; etc..."
For more information see Santa Clara Valley Beekeepers Guild

Honey Bee Research

BEE PUBLICATIONS - Honey Bee Research Unit, Carl Hayden Bee Research Center, USDA, Tucson, Arizona Multimedia Bee Publications (Text & Images). For more information see Products & Services or the Carl Hayden Bee Research Center

CARL HAYDEN BEE RESEARCH CENTER - Honey Bee Research Unit, Carl Hayden Bee Research Center, USDA, Tucson, Arizona Multimedia Honey Bee Databases, Courses, etc. (Text, Images & Videos/Movies)

Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD), Honey Bee Brood Disruption, Managed Honeybee Colony Losses

HONEY BEES AND COLONY COLLAPSE DISORDER (CCD) - Agricultural Research Service, Department of Agriculture (USDA) Multimedia Honey Bees and Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) (Text & Images). For more information see the Bee Research Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland; Honey Bee Breeding, Genetics and Physiology Laboratory, Baton Rouge, Louisiana; Carl Hayden Bee Research Center (CHBRC), Tucson, Arizona or the USDA Agricultural Research Service

WINTER LOSS SURVEY 2012-2013: PRELIMINARY RESULTS - MAY 1, 2013 - Bee Informed Partnership; Funded by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, USDA Multimedia Preliminary Results: Honey Bee Colony Losses in the United States, Winter 2012-2013 (Text & Images).
Preliminary Results: Honey Bee Colony Losses in the United States, Winter 2012-2013
"...On average, U.S. beekeepers lost 45.1% of the colonies in their operation during the winter of 2012/2013..."
For for more information see Bee Informed Partnership

REPORT ON THE NATIONAL STAKEHOLDERS CONFERENCE ON HONEY BEE HEALTH - National Honey Bee Health Stakeholder Conference Steering Committee; Organized by the CCD Steering Committee (Established by the U.S. Department of Agriculture) & the Pennsylvania State Univeristy Multimedia Report on the National Stakeholders Conference on Honey Bee Health - October 15-17, 2012 (Text & Images).
"...Despite a remarkably intensive level of research effort towards understanding causes of managed honeybee colony losses in the United States, overall losses continue to be high and pose a serious threat to meeting the pollination service demands for several commercial crops..."
For more information see the U.S. Department of Agriculture

Bee Diseases, Bee Parasites, Bee Pests, etc.

HONEY BEE PARASITES, PESTS, PREDATORS AND DISEASES - Mid-Atlantic Apiculture Research and Extension Consortium (MAAREC) Multimedia Honey Bee Parasites, Pests, Predators & Diseases (Text & Images). For more information see Mid-Atlantic Apiculture Research and Extension Consortium (MAAREC)

BEE MITES - Systematic Entomology Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Multimedia Bee Mites Databases (Text & Images).
Bee Mites
"...Solitary and social bees are host to a great diversity of mite associates. Because at a minimum, most bees create a unique type of habitat by constructing nest cells and provisioning with pollen and nectar, a variety of resources are made available to invading mites. Bee-mite associations run the gamut from parasitism through commensalism to several types of mutualism, and many different lineages of bees have mite associates..."
For more information see Mites; Mites & Ticksor the Systematic Entomology Laboratory

NORTH AMERICAN BEE-ASSOCIATED MITES - Barry OConnor, Curator of Insects for the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan Multimedia Norht American Bee-Associated Mites Database (Text & Images). For more information see Acari Systematics or the Division of Insects

Insect Pollination

INSECT POLLINATION OF CULTIVATED CROP PLANTS - S.E. McGregor, Honey Bee Research Unit, Carl Hayden Bee Research Center, USDA, Tucson, Arizona Multimedia Insect Pollination Of Cultivated Crop Plants Book - PDF, 849 Pages (Text & Images).
Insect Pollination Of Cultivated Crop Plants Book
"...The First and Only Virtual Beekeeping Book Updated Continously. Additions listed by crop and date..."
Examples of "Insect Pollination Of Cultivated Crop Plants" Chapters & Subchapters include
Introduction
"...Economics of Plant Pollination;
Flowering and Fruiting of Plants;
Wild Bees and Wild Bee Culture..."
Examples of "Crops Dependent upon or Benefited by Insect Pollination" include
"...Alfafa;
Almonds;
Clover & Relatives;
Legumes & Relatives;
Tree Fruits & Nuts;
Exotic Fruits & Nuts;
Common Vegetables for Seed & Fruit;
Small Fruits & Brambles; etc..."

For more information see Online Books; Products & Services or the Carl Hayden Bee Research Center

Beetles

COLEOPTERA (BEETLES) - Systematic Entomology Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Multimedia Beetles Handbooks, Databases, Lessons (Text & Images). For more information see Systematic Entomology Laboratory

Examples of "Coleoptera (Beetles)" Handbooks, Databases & Lessons include

Leaf Chafer Database

Handbook of Palearctic Flea Beetles

The Elaphidiini Bettle Site

TIGER BEETLES OF THE U.S. - Coordinated by: W.W. Hoback & J.J. Riggins, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Jamestown, North Dakota, a Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Government Multimedia Tiger Beetles Database (Text & Images). For more information see Invertebrates; Biological Resources; Site Map or the Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

Bumblebees

BOMBUS: BUMBLEBEES OF THE WORLD - Department of Entomology, The Natural History Museum, London, U.K. Multimedia Bumblebees of the World Database (Text, Images & Animations).
BOMBUS: Bumblebees of the World Database
"...The aim for these web pages is to give an overview of all of the world's bumblebee species. The list of species has to be one person's interpretation, but where possible, alternative interpretations are presented in the comments on each species. Updates are added frequently..."
For more information see Research Projects; Collections; Research and Curation; Research Projects or The Natural History Museum

Butterflies

BUTTERFLIES & MOTHS OF THE WORLD - Authors: Brian Pitkin and Paul Jenkins, Research and Curation, The Natural History Museum, London, U.K. Multimedia Butterflies Database - Moths Database (Text, Images & Animations).
Butterflies & Moths Database
"...This online catalogue comprises 31,147 entries and includes all published genus-group names..."
For more information see Collections; Research and Curation; Research Projects or The Natural History Museum

BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS OF NORTH AMERICA - Hosted and maintained by the Big Sky Institute, Montana State University and the NBII Mountain Prairie Information Node Multimedia Butterfly & Moths of North America Database (Text & Images).
Butterfly & Moths of North America
"...a searchable database of verified butterfly and moth records in the United States and Mexico. This site includes dynamic distribution maps, photographs, species accounts, and species checklists for each county in the U.S. and each state in Mexico..."

BUTTERFLIES OF CANADA - The Butterflies of Canada by Ross A. Layberry, Peter W. Hall, and J. Donald Lafontaine and the Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility Multimedia Butterflies Database (Text & Images). For more information see SpeciesBank; Access to specimen and observation information or the Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility

COCKAYNE COLLECTION: BRITISH AND IRISH BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS - Geoff Marti, Collections Manager (Lepidoptera), Department of Entomology; Research and Curation, The Natural History Museum, London, U.K. Multimedia The Cockayne collection: British and Irish butterflies and moths (Text & Images).
The Cockayne collection: British and Irish butterflies and moths
"...comprises approximately half a million specimens, housed in 5000 drawers, and includes Microlepidoptera and Pyralidae as well as macro-moths and butterflies. This is the most important collection of British and Irish Lepidoptera in existence..."
For more information see Department of Entomology Collections; Collections; Research and Curation or The Natural History Museum

LINNAEU'S BUTTERFLY TYPE SPECIMENS - Department of Entomology; Research and Curation, The Natural History Museum, London, U.K. Multimedia Linnaeus's Butterfly Type Specimens (Text & Images). For more information see Department of Entomology Collections; Collections; Research and Curation or The Natural History Museum

MONARCH WATCH - O.R. (Chip) Taylor, Jr., J. Lovett & S. Schmidt, Entomology Program, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas Multimedia Monarch Guides, Lessons, etc. (Text, Images & Animations).
Examples of "Monarch" Subject Categories include
"...Monarch Biology;
Rearing Monarchs;
Photo guide and instructions on growing your own milkweed;
Butterfly Gardening;
Monarch photos, drawings, essays; etc..."
For more information see Home Page of Orley R. (Chip) Taylor, Jr. or the Entomology Program

MONARCH BUTTERFLY - Monarchbutterflyusa.com Multimedia Butterfly Lessons (Text, Images & Animations).

Cockroach

COCKROACH CONTROL MANUAL - UNL Extension in Lancaster County, UNL Extension, University of Nebraska Multimedia Cockroach Control Manual (Text & Images).
Cockroach Control Manual Chapters include:
"...Know Your Adversary;
Cockroach Biology;
Primary Control Strategies:
Low Risk Control Strategies;
Insecticides;
Insecticide Applications;
Key to Cockroach Identification; etc..."
For more information see Insects, Spiders, Mice & More; UNL Extension in Lancaster County or the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture

Crickets, Cicadas, Grasshoppers & Katydids

SINGING INSECTS OF NORTH AMERICA - T.J. Walker & T.E. Moore, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida Multimedia Insects Audio Lessons (Text, Images & Audio/Sound). For more information see Thomas J. Walker's Home Page or the Department of Entomology and Nematology

Exampes of "Singing Insect" Databases include

Crickets

Katydids

Cicadas

GRASSHOPPERS: THEIR BIOLOGY IDENTIFICATION & MANAGEMENT - A joint technology transfer project of the US Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service (through the Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory in Sidney, Montana), the USDA's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service and the University of Wyoming-Laramie Multimedia Grasshoppers Handbooks & Grasshoppers Guides, Lessons, etc. (Text & Images).
Grasshoppers: Their Biology Identification & Management
"...provides one of the most comprehensive sources of information on the biology, ecology, identification and management of grasshoppers and Mormon crickets in North America..."
Examples of "Grasshoppers: Their Biology Identification & Management" Subject Categories include
"...Grasshopper Identification Guides and Species Fact Sheets;
Field Guide to Common Western Grasshoppers;
Grazing Management and Grasshoppers;
Chemical Control Methods;
Grasshopper Management Information; etc..."
For more information see Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory (NPARL)

MOLE CRICKET KNOWLEDGEBASE - Developed by: T.R. Fasulo, J.H. Frank & D.E. Short, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida Multimedia Mole Cricket Lessons (Text & Images).
Exampes of "Mole Cricket" Lessons include
"....Knowledgebase;
Chemicals;
Nematodes;
Red-Eyed Fly; etc..."
For more information see Mole Cricket Home Page or the Department of Entomology and Nematology

Dragonfly & Damselfly

DIGITAL DRAGONFLY MUSEUM - F.L. Mitchell, Texas AgriLife Research & Experiment Station at Stephenville, Texas A&M University Multimedia Dragonfly Lessons (Text & Images). For more information see Forrest L. Mitchell's Home Page; Topics or the Texas AgriLife Research and Extension Center

Drosophila - Fly

THE DIPTERA SITE - Systematic Entomology Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Multimedia Diptera Databases (Text & Images).
Diptera
"...Flies, gnats, maggots, midges, mosquitoes, keds, bots, etc. are all common names for members of the order Diptera....some 120,000 different kinds of flies (Order Diptera, Class Insecta, Phylum Arthropoda) are now known and estimates are that there may be more than 1,000,000 species living today. These species are classified into 188 families..."
For more information see Systematic Entomology Laboratory

FLYBASE - FlyBase Multimedia Fly Brain Atlas (Text & Images).
FlyBase: A Database of Drosophila Genes & Genomes
"...a database of genetic and molecular data for Drosophila. FlyBase includes data on all species from the family Drosophilidae..."

ATLAS OF THE DROSOPHILA BRAIN - Flybrain Multimedia Drosophila Atlas (Text & Images).
Atlas of the Drosophila Brain
"...provides the user with a hypertext tour guide to the basic structural elements of the Drosophila nervous system. It links schematic representations, serial sections through the entire brain,..."
For more information see FlyBrain

Fleas

FLEAS & TICKS - Developed by: P.G. Koehler, Department of Entomology and Nematology and the Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida Multimedia Flea Lessons (Text & Images).
Examples of "Flea" Lessons include
"...Blacklegged Tick or Deer Tick;
Brown Dog Tick;
Cat Flea;
Diseases Carried by Fleas and Ticks;
Flea Control; etc..."
For more information see Bloodsucking Insects; Human Pest Insects; Pest Insects by Host; Pest Insects; IPM; Insects; Insects, Plant Diseases, IPM etc. or EDIS Online, University of Florida

Mayflies

MAYFLIES OF THE U.S. - B.C. Kondratieff, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Jamestown, North Dakota, a Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Government Multimedia Mayflies Database (Text & Images). For more information see Insects; Biological Resources; Site Map or the Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

Mosquitoes

MOSQUITO INFORMATION WEBSITE - Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida Multimedia Mosquito Databases, Manuals, etc. (Text & Images).

Moths

BUTTERFLIES & MOTHS OF THE WORLD - Authors: Brian Pitkin and Paul Jenkins, Research and Curation, The Natural History Museum, London, U.K. Multimedia Butterflies Database - Moths Database (Text, Images & Animations).
Butterflies & Moths Database
"...This online catalogue comprises 31,147 entries and includes all published genus-group names..."
For more information see Collections; Research and Curation; Research Projects or The Natural History Museum

GYPSY MOTH OF NORTH AMERICA - S. Liebhold, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Northeastern Research Station, Morgantown, WV, USDA Forest Service Multimedia Gypsy Moths Database (Text & Images).
Gypsy Moths
"...The gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar, is one of North America's most devastating forest pests..."
For more information see Forestry Sciences Laboratory

BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS OF NORTH AMERICA - Hosted and maintained by the Big Sky Institute, Montana State University and the NBII Mountain Prairie Information Node Multimedia Butterfly & Moths of North America Database (Text & Images).
Butterfly & Moths of North America
"...a searchable database of verified butterfly and moth records in the United States and Mexico. This site includes dynamic distribution maps, photographs, species accounts, and species checklists for each county in the U.S. and each state in Mexico..."

COCKAYNE COLLECTION: BRITISH AND IRISH BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS - Geoff Marti, Collections Manager (Lepidoptera), Department of Entomology; Research and Curation, The Natural History Museum, London, U.K. Multimedia The Cockayne collection: British and Irish butterflies and moths (Text & Images).
The Cockayne collection: British and Irish butterflies and moths
"...comprises approximately half a million specimens, housed in 5000 drawers, and includes Microlepidoptera and Pyralidae as well as macro-moths and butterflies. This is the most important collection of British and Irish Lepidoptera in existence..."
For more information see Department of Entomology Collections; Collections; Research and Curation or The Natural History Museum

Scales

SCALENET - Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA Multimedia Scale Insects Database (Text & Images).
Scale Insects
"...This site is all about scale insects (Coccoidea): a group of insects comprised of about 7,000 species..."
For more information see ScaleNet; Biosystematic Information on Terrestrial Arthropods or the Systematic Entomology Laboratory

Scorpions

THE SCORPION - Author: Jan Ove Rein & hosted by the NTNU Library, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Norway Multimedia Scorpion Lessons (Text & Images).
The Scorpion
"...The intention of this site is to provide information about scorpions to both scientists and others seeking information about these interesting arachnids..."

Stoneflies

STONEFLIES OF THE U.S. - B.C. Kondratieff & R.W. Baumann, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Jamestown, North Dakota, a Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Government Multimedia Stonflies Database (Text & Images). For more information see Insects/Invertebrates; Biological Resources; Site Map or the Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

Termites

TERMITES - B.L. Thorne, Thorne Lab., Department of Entomology, College of Chemical and Life Sciences, University of Maryland Multimedia Termite Lessons (Text & Images). For more information see Barbara L. Thorne's Home Page or the Department of Entomology

Ticks

TICKS - M. Smith, European Union Concerted Action on Lyme Borreliosis Multimedia Ticks Lessons (Text, Images & Videso/Movies).
Examples of "Ticks" Subject Categories & Lessons include
"...Biology
Tick, habitat;
Tick, life cycle;
Tick, seasonality;
Tick, transmission; etc.
Epidemiology;
Diagnosis
Clinical Features;
Serology; etc.
Treatment;
Publications; etc..."

Wasps

UNIVERSAL CHALCIDOIDEA DATABASE - J. S. Noyes, Department of Entomology, The Natural History Museum, London, U.K. Multimedia Chalcidoidea Databases (Text & Images).
Examples of "Chalcidoidea (Wasps)" Subject Categories & Subcategories include
"...Images of chalcidoids;
Valid names;
Chalcidoid associates of named taxon;
Regional lists of Chalcidoids;
Browse references;
Taxonomic tree;
Associates of named Chalcidoid, etc..."
For more information see Research Projects; Collections; Research and Curation; Research Projects or The Natural History Museum

Whitefly

WHITEFLY WEB PAGE - Systematic Entomology Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Multimedia Whitefly Database, Guides, Lessons, etc. (Text & Images).
Whiteflies (family Aleyrodidae)
"...are not only injurious to their host plants through feeding, but are also capable of transmitting numerous plant-viral diseases. Worldwide, there are approximately 1,200 described species of whiteflies...."
For more information see Systematic Entomology Laboratory

MYCOLOGY

Mushrooms

RODGERS MUSHROOMS - Roger Phillips Multimedia Murshroom Database of North America & Europe (Text & Images).
Rodgers Mushrooms includes over
"...3000 images on our site to help you identify and learn more about the mushrooms of Europe and North America..."
Examples of "Rodgers Mushrooms" Categories include
"...The Mushrooms (Alphabetical Index);
Each Mushroom includes
"...Images;
Location;
Edibility;
Color;
Size;
Stem Type;
Spore Colour;
Habitat;
Full Description..."

Mushroom Visual Key;
Poisoning (Deadly Poisonous Mushrooms & Poisonous - Suspect Mushrooms);
Each Poisonous Mushroom includes
"...Images;
Location;
Edibility;
Color;
Size;
Cat Type;
Stem Type;
Spore Colour;
Habitat;
Full Description including Medical description of Poisoning & Cure..."

Mushroom Glossary; etc..."

FUNGI (MUSHROOMS) OF CALIFORNIA - M. Wood & F. Stevens Multimedia Mushroom Database (Text & Images).
Examples of "Mushroom" Database include
Spieces Index
"...Scientific Name;
Common Name;
Pileu;
Lamellae;
Stipe,
Spores;
Habitat;
Edibility, etc..."
Genera Index;
Edible Fungi Index; etc.
For more information see MykoWeb

MYKOWEB: THE FUNGI OF CALIFORNIA - M. Wood Multimedia Mushroom Database (Text & Images).
MykoWeb: The Fungi of California
"...contains photographs over 560 species of fungi found in California, with over 460 of the species with descriptions. There are currently over 3900 total photographs of the mushrooms. Included are links to other online descriptions and photos of the species treated plus references to common field guides..."

MUSHROOM INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT MANUAL - Agricultural IPM, Department of Entomology, College of Agricultural Sciences, Penn State University Multimedia Mushroom Integrated Pest Management Manual (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. For more information see Mushrooms; Online Guides; Extension and Outreach; Department of Entomology or the College of Agricultural Sciences

Mycology Species Atlases & Databases

FUNGI SPECIES IMAGE DATABASE - G.L. Barron, Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph, Canada Multimedia Fungi Image Database (Text & Images). For more information see George Barron's Website on Fungi or the School of Environmental Sciences

FUNGI OF AUSTRALIA - Australian National Herbarium & the Australian National Botanic Gardens Multimedia Fungi of Australia Database (Text & Images).
Examples of "Fungi of Australia" Subject Categories include
"...Types of fungi;
Spore dispersal;
Mycelium;
Ecology;
Mycorrhizas;
Mycogeography;
Deathcap Mushroom;
Truffle-like fungi;
Spore prints; etc..."

Mycology Databases by Subject

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

INTERNATIONAL COLLECTION OF (VESICULAR) ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI - Mycorrhizae Lab, Division of Plant and Soil Sciences, David College of Agriculture, Forestry & Consumer Sciences, West Virginia University Multimedia (Vesicular) Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Database (Text & Images).
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Database
"...To acquire, propagate, characterize, and maintain germplasm of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in living cultures for preservation and distribution to any person or institution..."
For more information see the Division of Plant and Soil Sciences

Amanita

AMANITA - Editors: Rodham E. Tulloss & Zhu-liang Yang Multimedia Amanita Database (Text & Images).
Amanita Database provides
"...data on species of the macrofungal, largely ectomycorrhizal genus Amanita (Amanitaceae, Agaricales, Basidiomycetes, Fungi) supplemented by monotone or color illustrations of the fungi wherever possible..."

Basidiomycetes

BASIDIOMYCETES OF THE GREATER ANTILLES - T.J. Baroni, Department of Biological Sciences, School of Arts & Sciences, SUNY, Cortland, New York Multimedia Basidiomycetes of the Greater Antilles Database (Text & Images).
Basidiomycetes of the Greater Antilles
"...contains a catalogue of tropical fungi found in Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, Jamaica and other islands of the Greater and Lesser Antilles..."
For more information see Timothy (Tim) J. Baroni's Home Page or the Department of Biological Sciences

Flammulina

FLAMMULINA - R.H. Petersen, K.W. Hughes & S.A. Redhead, Division of Botany, College of Arts & Sciences, University of Tennessee Multimedia Flammulina Database (Text & Images).
Flammulina
"...For the casual mycophagist, Flammulina has been deceptively easy. The "fuzzy foot" mushroom (a.k.a "velvet shank") has been a staple in the diet, often available in the winter months when most mushrooms take a rest..."
For more information see R.H. (Ron) Petersen's Home Page; Mycology Lab or the Division of Botany

Hypocreales

HYPOCREALES OF THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES - K. Põldmaa, D.F. Farr, & E.B. McCray, G.J. Samuels, A.Y. Rossman, P. Chaverri, B.E. Overton, B.E., K. Põldmaa., D.F. Farr, & E.B. McCray, Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, ARS, USDA Multimedia Hypocreales of the Southeastern United States Database (Text & Images).
Hypocreales of the Southeastern United States
"...An illustrated guide to the members of the ascomycete order Hypocreales that are known to occur in the south-eastern states of the United States, including North and South Carolina, Tennessee and Georgia is presented..."
For more information see Online Resources or the Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory

Hypomyces

HYPOMYCES - K. Põldmaa, D.F. Farr, & E.B. McCray, Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, ARS, USDA Multimedia Hypomyces Database (Text & Images).
Hypomyces
"...This site presents descriptions and over 500 images for the 30 species of Hypomyces that represent a majority of the Hypomyces found in temperate regions. Most of these species have a pleomorphic life cycle, although some of the agaricicolous ones lack a known anamorph. Many of the tropical species are still poorly known and will be added to this site in the future..."
For more information see Online Resources or the Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory

Pleurotus

PLEUROTUS - R.H. Petersen, K.W. Hughes & N. Psurteseva, Division of Botany, College of Arts & Sciences, University of Tennessee Multimedia Pleurotus Database (Text & Images).
Pleurotus
"...It IS a brief summary of historical developments in work on the genus, including techniques used to elucidate systematics in the group, and a summary of the biological species presently known and understood. It IS NOT a compilation of literature..."
For more information see R.H. (Ron) Petersen's Home Page; Mycology Lab or the Division of Botany

Ravenelia

RAVENELIA - J.R. Hernandez, D.F. Farr, & E.B. McCray, Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, ARS, USDA Multimedia Ravenelia Database (Text & Images).
Ravenelia
"...This site provides an interactive key, descriptions, distributions, nomenclature, and over 1,000 images for the species of Ravenelia. The key is based primarily on host and distribution of genus and species, as well as morphology of telia and teliospores and anamorph sori and spores..."
For more information see Online Resources or the Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory

Slime Mold

SLIME MOLD (MYXOMYCOTA) DATABASE - G.L. Barron, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph Multimedia Slime Mold (Myxomycota) Database (Text & Images). For more information see George Barron's Website on Fungi or the School of Environmental Sciences

Tilletia

TILLETIA - L. Castlebury, Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, ARS, USDA Multimedia Tilletia (Text & Images).
Tilletia
"...Systematics of fungi in the genus Tilletia. These fungi infect the seed of a variety of grasses and have a distinctive spore..."
For more information see Online Resources or the Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory

Trichoderma

TRICHODERMA - G.J. Samuels, P. Chaverri, D.F. Farr, & E.B. McCray, Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, ARS, USDA Multimedia Trichoderma (Text & Images).
Trichoderma
"...This site presents descriptions and over 500 images for the 32 species of Trichoderma that represent a majority of the taxa found in temperate regions..."
For more information see Online Resources or the Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory

Undergraduate Mycology Courses, Lectures, etc.

THE FIFTH KINGDOM - All About Fungi, Mycologue Publications Multimedia Fungi Course (Text, Images & Animations).
The Fifth Kindom includes
"...over 800 pictures and animations that help illustrate concepts found in the book The Fifth Kingdom. These online images illustrate mushrooms, mycorrhizas, medical mycology, yeasts, lichens, food spoilage, fermented foods, plant diseases, symbioses with animals, and edible, poisonous, and hallucinogenic fungi..."
For more information see All About Fungi

Medical Mycology - Medical Students, Fellows & Residents, Physicians & Healthcare Providers

MEDICAL MYCOLOGY - Richard Hunt, et.al., Microbiology and Immunology On-Line, Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program; School of Medicine, University of South Carolina Multimedia Medical Mycology Course (Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound).
Available in English, Spanish, Portuguese, Albanian & Farsi.
Medical Mycology
"...You have the Option of using either the Video Course, or the Course in HTML, PPT or PDF format..."
Examples of "Medical Mycology" Course Chapters include:
"...Classification of Fungi;
Morphology;
Diagnosis;
Treatment;
Clinical Classification of Mycoses;
Actinomycosis,
Nocardiosis & Streptomycetes;
Candidiasis & Cryptococcosis; etc..."
For more information see Microbiology and Immunology On-Line or the School of Medicine

MEDICAL MYCOLOGY - a joint project of the Mycology Unit at the Adelaide Women's & Children's Hospital and School of Molecular & Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Australia Multimedia Medical Mycology Atlas, Lecture Notes, Medical Mycology Lessons & Medical Mycology Cases (Text & Images). For more information see the Mycology Unit; Adelaide Women's & Children's Hospital or the School of Molecular & Biomedical Science

Examples of "Medical Mycology" Databases, Lessons, etc. include

Photo Gallery

Mycoses: Clinical Groupings for Fungal Infections
Clinical Groupings for Fungal Infections includes:
Skin Mycology
"...Superficial Mycoses; Cutaneous Mycoses; Subcutaneous Mycoses..."
Infectious Disease Mycology
"...Dimorphic Systemic Mycoses; Opportunistic Systemic Mycoses..."

Identification of Medically Important Fungi
Identification of Medically Important Fungi Subject Categories includes:
"...Dermatophytes; Yeasts; Dimorphic Pathogens; Hyphomycetes (hyaline moulds);
Hyphomycetes (dematiaceous moulds); Coelomycetes; Zygomycetes;
Oomycota..."

MEDICAL MYCOLOGY: DOCTOR FUNGUS - DoctorFungus Corporation Multimedia Medical Mycology Atlas, Medical Mycology Lectures, Medical Mycology Lessons, Medical Mycology Cases (Text & images).
Doctor Fungus
"...The information provided in this web site is primarily intended for physicians..."
Examples of "Medical Mycology" Subject Categories include:
Mycoses
"...Human, Veterinary, Environmental, Industrial, Agricultural, etc..."
Drugs
"...Medical, Veterinary, Environmental, Industrial, Agricultural..."
Laboratory
"...Susceptibility,Procedures, Histopathology, etc..." etc.

LICHENS

Lichen Atlases & Databases

LICHEN HERBARIUM - The Lichen Herbarium, University of Oslo, Norwary Multimedia Lichen Database (Text & Images).
Lichen Herbarium at the Botanical Museum in Oslo
"...consists of a Norwegian herbarium (c. 100,000 specimens), a foreign herbarium (c. 170,000 specimens), a type herbarium (c. 1,000 specimens), and a collection of exsiccatae (c. 5,000 specimens)...."
Examples of "Lichen Databases" include
"...Lichen Photo Gallery (VERY VERY EXTENSIVE);
Norwegian Lichen Database;
Svalbard Lichen Database;
The Threatened Macrolichens Project

LICHEN COLLECTIONS OF THE U.S. NATIONAL HERBARIUM - National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution Multimedia Lichen Databases (Text & Images). For more information see the Lichen Collection of the U.S. National Herbarium; Department of Botany; Research & Collections or the National Museum of Natural History

Examples of "Lichen" Databases include

Parmeliaceae

Cladoniaceae

LICHEN HERBARIUM - Lichen Herbarium, Arizona State University Multimedia Lichen Databases, Technical Reports, Lessons, etc. (Text & Images).
Examples of "Lichen" Databases include
"...Arizona Species List;
Greater Sonoran Desert Lichen Flora;
Mexico Species List; etc..."
Examples of Lichen Technical Reports, Lessons, etc. include
"...Chemistry of Lichens;
Lichens in Weathering; etc..."

LICHEN COLLECTION - A.M. Fryday, MSU Herbarium, Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University Multimedia Lichen Databases (Text & Images).
Lichen Collection
"...database containing all the label data associated with the lichen specimens..."including"...as collector, collection date, locality, and habitat, along with all additional information added as annotations; such as chemistry, spore dimensions, apothecial pigments..."
Examples of "Lichen" Databases include
"...Lichens of the Southern Subpolar Region Database;
Alaskan Lichens Database;
Lichens of the Caribbean Islands Database;
Michigan - Great Lakes Lichens Database; etc..."
For more information see MSU Herbarium

THE LICHEN HERBARIUM - Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Free University of Berlin Multimedia Lichen Database (Text & Images).
Lichen Herbarium Database LICHCOL
"...provides label information for about 71,000 specimens of lichens preserved in the herbarium..."
For more information see the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem

LICHENS - C. Wetmore, Minnesota Lichen Herbarium, University of Minnesota Multimedia Lichen Database (Text & Images).
Lichen Database
"...The lichen herbarium has over 135,000 lichens from all over the world. This includes over 20,000 in the exsiccat database..."

Lichen Guides

A GUIDE TO LICHENS ON TWIGS - P. Wolseley, D. Alexander, P. James & A. Hume, Botany Department, The Natural History Museum, London, U.K. Multimedia A Guide to Lichens on Twigs (Text & Images).
A Guide to Lichens on Twigs
"...This site provides a user-friendly guide to over 60 lichens which can be found growing on twigs..."
For more information see Lichens; Plants and Fungi; Life; Nature Online; Research Projects; Research and Curation or The Natural History Museum

PROTIST

Protist Atlases & Databases

PROTIST SERVER - Protist Information Server; Hosted by the Hosei University, Japan; Supported by the "Soken-Taxa" project "Construction of Biological Image Databases" at The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, and by the "Bio-Resource" project "Fundamental research and development for databasing and networking culture collection information" at JST (Japan Science and Technology Corporation) Multimedia Protist Databases (Text, Images & Videos/Movies).
Protist Databases
"...This server is providing over 81,000 images of protists and other microorganisms (766 genera, 3114 species, & over 15,000 samples) and 2261 movie clips as research and educational resources..."
Examples of "Protist Databases" include
"...Mastigophora;
Opalinata;
Sarcodia;
Ciliophora;
Heterokonta;
Chlorophyta;
Phagocytosis;
Sexual reproduction;
Organelle;
Endosymbiosis;
Morphogenesis; etc..."

THE NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM'S MICROBIOLOGY VIDEO COLLECTION (QUICKTIME) - Microbiology Laboratories, Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, London, U.K. Multimedia Microbiology Video Database (Text & Images).
Microbiology Video Collection
"...contains short video clips of living protists, mostly free-living ciliates,...The collection consists of about 1,500 clips, indexed by genus..."
For more information see Microbiology Video Collection; Research Projects; Research and Curation or The Natural History Museum

Marine, Freshwater & Terrestrial Algae

ALGAEBASE - Michael D. Guiry, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Multimedia Algae Databases (Text & Images).
Algaebase contains over
"...122,000 species and infraspecific names are in the database, 6,000 images, 40,000 bibliographic items, 143,000 distributional records..."
Algaebase includes
"...Marine, freshwater and terrestrial algae are included, although the data for marine organisms are the most complete. Blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria), rhodophytes, phaeophytes, chlorophytes, euglenophytes, etc..."
For more information see the Ryan Institute

Marine Algae - Seaweeds

CATALOGUE OF BENTHIC MARINE ALGAE OF THE INDIAN OCEAN - P.C. Silva, P. Basson & R. Moe, Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley Multimedia Benthic Marine Algae of the Indian Ocean Database (Text & Images).
Benthic Marine Algae of the Indian Ocean Database
"...All published records of benthic marine algae from the Indian Ocean excluding the Red Sea are assembled in a catalogue with the taxa arranged according to an assumed phylogenetic scheme to the rank of order..."
For more information see The University Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley

SEAWEEDS - Michael D. Guiry, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Multimedia Seaweeds Databases (Text & Images).
Seaweeds Database
"...This site is a source of general information on all aspects of seaweeds. Seaweeds are marine algae: saltwater-dwelling, simple organisms that fall into the rather outdated category of "plants". Most of them are the green (about 1200 species), brown (about 1750 species) or red (about 6000 species) kinds illustrated on this page, and..."
For more information see the Ryan Institute

Coralline Algae

INTRODUCTION TO CORALLINE ALGAE - D.W. Keats, Department of Botany, University of the Western Cape (UWC), South Africa Multimedia Coralline Algae Technical Reports, Lessons, etc. (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE.
Introduction to Coralline Algae
"...a general introduction to the biology of coralline algae, and includes pointers to the latest family, subfamily and generic delimitations. Graphics and interactivity are now included where they improve clarity..."
For more information see the Department of Botany

Plasmodiophorid

PLASMODIOPHORID - J.P. Braselton, Environmental & Plant Biology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio Multimedia Plasmodiophorid Database & Lessons (Text & Images).
Examples of "Plasmodiophorid" Lessons include
"...Life Cycles;
Genera;
Images;
Special Topics; etc..."
For more information see Environmental & Plant Biology, Ohio University - Athens

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