Martindale's Calculators On-Line Center: Mathematics Center - Roman, Abacus. Old English, Slide Rule - Lessons, Videos, Movies, Calculators, Spreadsheets, etc.

MARTINDALE'S

CALCULATORS ON-LINE CENTER

MATHEMATICS CENTER

CHINESE, EGYPTIAN, ROMAN, ABACUS, OLD ENGLISH, SLIDE RULE

(Calculators, Applets, Spreadsheets,
and where Applicable includes: Courses, Manuals,
Handbooks, Simulations, Animations, Videos, etc.)

US/Pacific: Tuesday, February 9, 2010
Sydney, Australia: Wednesday, February 10, 2010

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Currently the Calculators On-Line Center contains
over "23,785" Calculators & Spreadsheets,
over "3,710" Courses, Lectures, Manuals, Handbooks,
& "1,000's" of Movies, Videos, Simulations & Animations

Chinese, Egyptian &
Roman Number & Numeral Conversion

Abacus Calculators & Applets

Chinese Abacus ~ Japanese Abacus ~ Korean Abacus

Mesoamerican Abacus ~ Russian Abacus

Old English, German, Norwegian & Swedish
Calculators & Applets

Slide Rule Calculators & Applets

Mathematics Center

Calculators On-Line Center

Chinese - Egyptian - Roman

Chinese Number Conversion

ENGLISH-CHINESE NUMBER CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS

"ENGLISH-CHINESE" "CHINESE-ENGLISH" NUMBER CONVERSION CALCULATOR - E. E. Peterson, On-line Chinese Tools VERY EXTENSIVE.
English to Chinese Number Conversion Calculator INPUT Values include:
"...Traditional, Simplified, Pinyin, Formal Traditional or Formal Simplified.."
Chinese to English Number Conversion Calculator OUTPUT Values include:
"...Arabic Numbers, Arabic Numbers with Commas or English Words..."
Also includes a "A Brief Description of the Chinese Number System".
For more information see On-line Chinese Tools

Egyptian Number Conversion

EGYPTIAN METROLOGY

FOUNDATION METROLOGY: COMMON CUBIT, ROYAL CUBIT & HANWIDTH SQUARE (INTERACTIVE) - THE PYRAMIDS AND TEMPLES OF GIZEH - R. Birdsall VERY VERY EXTENSIVE.
Egyptian Measuring Systems.
For more information see The Pyramids and temples of Giezeh or Ronald Birdsall's Home Page

EGYPTIAN NUMBER CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS

EGYPTIAN CALCULATOR - M. Johns, Redmond, WA For more information see Mark Johns' Home Page

EGYPTIAN CALCULATOR - Virtual Egypt Multimedia Calculator using Graphics. For more information see Virtual Egypt

Roman Numbers - Roman Numeral Conversion

ROMAN NUMERAL CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS

ROMAN NUMERAL AND DATE CONVERSION WITH ROMAN CALCULATOR & ROMAN NUMBERALS - S. Gibbs, Bailiwick of Guernsey, English Channel Islands, U.K. VERY EXTENSIVE.
Roman Numeral Conversion Calculator
"...converts Arabic Number (the ones we use today) to Roman Number;
Roman Number to Arabic Number (the ones we use today)..."
Roman Date Conversion Calculator gives the current date in the:
"...Gregorian Calendar;
Gregorian Calendar, in Latin;
Julian Calendar;
Julian Calendar, in Latin;
Julian Calendar, in Roman style..."
For more information see Steven Gibbs' Home Page

ANCIENT ROMAN NUMBERS CALCULATOR - J. Edkins, U.K. VERY EXTENSIVE.
Count with Ancient Roman Numbers
"...In our number system (called Arabic numbers), we have ten digits (from 0-9) and we can make as big a number as we want with these. We use all ten digits to count to nine, then we combine them to make bigger numbers. So we never run out of numbers, as long as there is room to write them down!..."
Ancient Roman Numbers Calculator includes:
"...Arabic Number to Roman Number;
Roman Number to Arabic Number;
Count (input a number like 7 and it will count both Arabic (7, 14, 28, etc.) and Roman: VII, XIV, XXI, etc.).
For more information see Roman Gods or Jo Edkins' Home Page

ROMAN NUMERAL YEAR DATES CONVERSION CALCULATOR (JAVA APPLET) - Christopher Hand
Roman Numeral Year Dates
"...explains the basic principles for converting numbers from Roman to Arabic form and also describes some of the unusual features of Roman numerals that may be encountered in older books. It does not provide a history of the origin or development of Roman numerals; nor does it attempt to explain the ancient practice of numeration, or to prescribe present-day usage..."
Roman Numeral Year Dates Conversion Calculator
"...is intended as a guide to deciphering Roman numeral year dates as they are commonly found in the imprints of printed books..."

ROMAN NUMERAL CONVETER - L.K. Seitz
Lee's Roman Numberal Converter includes:
"...Roman Numeral Calculator; How Roman Numerals Work; etc..."
For more information see CTCWeb Showcase; Classics Technology Center or AbleMedia

ROMAN NUMERAL CONVERTER - G.W. Metz, Legion XIV
Roman Numberal Converter
"...The big differences between Roman and Arabic numerals (the ones we use today) are that Romans didn't have a symbol for zero, and that numeral placement within a number can sometimes indicate subtraction rather than addition..."
For more information see Legion XIV

ROMAN NUMERAL CALCULATOR (JAVA APPLET) - J.W. Reese, University of Oregon
Roman Numeral Calculator & Arabic Numeral Calculator includes:
"...Addition, Subtraction, Division & Multiplication..."
For more information see Jerry W. Reese's Web Site

Abacus Calculators

Abacus - Chinese

CHINESE ABACUS CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS

ABACUS: THE ART OF CALCULATING WITH BEADS (JAVA APPLET) - L. Fernandes, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson Polytechnic University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Multimedia Chinese Abacus (Text & Image).
Chinese Abacus
"...The abacus is a calculator whose earliest known use is circa 500 B.C. by the Chinese civilization. Addition, subtraction, division and multiplication can be performed on a standard abacus. Beginning in about 1600 A.D., use and evolution of the abacus was begun by the Japanese..."
"...Technically, the abacus is a hand-held digital calculator, but the user must perform some sort of arithmetic manipulations before the solution is arrived at..."
For more information see Abacus Home Page; Luis Fernandes's Home Page or the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

CHINESE ABACUS APPLET AND KOREAN, JAPANESE, ROMAN & RUSSIAN ABACUS - D. Bagley & S. Chandran Multimedia Chinese Abacus, Korean Abacus, Japanese Abacus, Roman Abacus & Russian Abacus (Text & Image). For more information see Java or David Bagley's Home Page

CHINESE & JAPANESE ABACUS (JAVA APPLET) - The Computer Museum, System Source, Hunt Valley, MD Multimedia Chinese Abacus & Japanese Abacus (Text & Image).
Abacus
"...From the Greek word "ABAX", meaning "calculating board" or "calculating table", comes the modern English word abacus...It's Mandarin name is "Suan Pan" which means "calculating plate"..."
For more information see Mechanical Computers: The Abacus; Mechanical Computers; The Computer Museum or System Source

ELECTRONIC ABACUS APPLET - National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM)
The Electronic Abacus
"...explores the use of an abacus model for representing numbers and for performing addition..."
For more information see Interactive Math Tools or NCTM Illumination

LE BOULIER CHINOIS (ABACUS) - Nathalie Aymé, France Français. For more information see Nathalie Aymé's Home Page

CHINESE, JAPANESE, KOREAN, VIETNAMESE AND RUSSIAN ABACUS DATABASE

ABACUS ONLINE MUSEUM - J. Lütjens, Germnay In English & German/Deutsch. VERY VERY EXTENSIVE.
Abacus Online Museum includes the:
"...Chinese Abacus; Korean Abacus; Japanese Abacus;
Roman Abacus; Russian Abacus; Vietnames Abacus;
Abacuses for Blind People, etc..."
For more information see Jörn Lütjens' Home Page

Abacus - Japanese

JAPANESE ABACUS CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS

JAPANESE SOROBAN CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS

JAPANESE ABACUS APPLET AND CHINESE, KOREAN, ROMAN & RUSSIAN ABACUS - D. Bagley & S. Chandran Multimedia Chinese Abacus, Korean Abacus, Japanese Abacus, Roman Abacus & Russian Abacus (Text & Image). For more information see Java or David Bagley's Home Page

JAPANESE ABACUS APPLET - Tomoe Co., Ltd
Japanese Soroban (Japanese Abacus)
"...is calculating instrument with a number of counting beads that slide back and for th along rods. Each one-bead has the value of "one". Each five-bead has the value of "five". The columns toward the left always have higher values than those toward the right..."
For more information see Soroban

JAPANESE & CHINESE ABACUS (JAVA APPLET) - The Computer Museum, System Source, Hunt Valley, MD Multimedia Chinese Abacus & Japanese Abacus (Text & Image). For more information see Mechanical Computers: The Abacus; Mechanical Computers; The Computer Museum or System Source

Abacus - Korean

KOREAN ABACUS CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS

KOREAN ABACUS APPLET AND CHINESE, JAPANESE, ROMAN & RUSSIAN ABACUS - D. Bagley & S. Chandran For more information see Java or David Bagley's Home Page

Abacus - Mesoamerican

MESOAMERICAN ABACUS CALCULATORS & APPLETS

NEPOHUALTZITZIN ABACUS CALCULATORS & APPLETS

NEPOHUALTZITZIN ABACUS - MESOAMERICAN (JAVA APPLET) - D. Bagley Multimedia Mesoamerican Abacus - Nepohualtzitzin Abacus (Text & Images). For more information see David Bagley's Home Page

Abacus - Russian

RUSSIAN ABACUS CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS

ABACUS IN VARIOUS NUMBER SYSTEMS (JAVA APPLET) - Alexander Bogomolny Multimedia Russian Abacus (Text & Images).
Russian Abacus Applet
"...applet represents an abacus close to the Russian variant where, for the ease of use, middle counters differ in color from all the rest..."
For more information see Arithmetic & Algebra Calculators or Interactive Mathematics Education, Puzzles & Calculators

RUSSIAN ABACUS (JAVA APPLET) - Java programming: K.I. Tchourioukanov; Author: M.W. Davidson, Molecular Expressions: Exploring the World of Optics & Mircroscopy, Florida State University Multimedia Russian Abacus (Text & Images).
Russian Abacus
"...The abacus is an ancient tool used for counting, with the Russian version being specifically designed for counting rubles and kopeks. The simple design uses a set of framed rods and a series of beads..."
For more information see the Electricity & Magnetism Interactive Java Tutorials or Molecular Expressions: Exploring the World of Optics & Mircroscopy

RUSSIAN ABACUS APPLET AND CHINESE, KOREAN, ROMAN & JAPANESE ABACUS - D. Bagley & S. Chandran Multimedia Russian Abacus (Text & Images). For more information see Java or David Bagley's Home Page

Old English, German,
Norwegian & Swedish Measurements

English Measurements

OLD ENGLISH PAPER SIZES

OLD ENGLISH PAPER SIZES - R.E. Greaves, Araneid Creations, U.K. VERY EXTENSIVE.
Old English Paper Sizes
"...lists old English paper and board sizes as used in the printing trades in Britain. With the advent of metrication, many of these have fallen into disuse..."
For more information see The Foot Rule

OLD IMPERIAL MEASUREMENT

OLD IMPERIAL MEASUREMENT - J.O. Smith, U.K. VERY EXTENSIVE.
Old Imperial Measurments includes:
"...Length; Area; Capacity; Weight & Money and a short history of British coins..."
For more information see John Owen Smith's Home Page

German Measurements

OLD GERMAN MEASUREMENT

OLD GERMAN MEASUREMENT - genealogienetz.de VERY EXTENSIVE. In German/Deutsch.
Old German Measurement
"...Translation table of old to contemporary units of measurement. Includes area, length, volume, weights, counts, speed, coins & worldwide measurements..."
For more information see genealogienetz.de

Swedish Measurements

OLD SWEDISH MEASUREMENT & WEIGHTS

OLD SWEDISH MEASUREMENT & WEIGHTS - H. Högman, Sweden VERY EXTENSIVE. In English & Swedish/Svenska.
Old Swedish Measurements and Weights
"...Old measurements and weights can cause a great deal of problem for today's people. If you look at probate records, old letters and documents, older literature etc you often come across these old measurements It is useful, then, to know what the equivalents are in today's system..."
For more information see Hans Högman's Home Page

Slide Rule

Slide Rule Simulations

INTERACTIVE SLIDE RULE APPLET

UNIVIRTUAL SLIDE RULE EMULATOR: INTERACTIVE SLIDE RULE (JAVA APPLET) - A. Davie, Taswegian.com, Australia VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE.
UniVirtual Slide Rule Emulator
"...is designed to be a real-time, configurable, slide rule emulator. It currently supports zooming and on-the-fly scale reconfiguration. The emulator can handle multiple slides, and multiple cursors. Cursors can contain multiple gauge marks and hairlines. Scales can be placed anywhere..."

THE SLIDE RULE (JAVA APPLET) - The Computer Museum, System Source, Hunt Valley, MD VERY EXTENSIVE.
The Slid Rule
"...is a tool that has long since been outdated by computers. It performed simple multiplication and division problems, as well as trigonometrical equations and logarithms. The rule below is a working Java applet; to use it, simply slide the center piece or the glass to the left or right to position them, and the computer will calculate the result in relation to the cursor..."
For more information see Mechanical Computers: Slide Rule; Mechanical Computers, The Computer Museum or System Source

Mathematics Center

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